chap 2- CLASS NOTES

Question 1

what is a constitution and why do we need them?

Answer 1

• a governing document that establishes structure over time

- establishes the rules of the games

Question 2

Great Enlightenment

Answer 2

• a time of questions

- authority needs to justify its existence

Question 3

Locke

Answer 3

• social contract
• people good- society helps out
• separation of powers- agree to be governed
• life, liberty, pursuit of property- natural rights by the creator
• right to overthrow an oppressive gov

Question 4

reasons for revolt during the american revolution

Answer 4

• unreasonable taxes bc debt from war
• no representation in parliament
• individual rights threatened
• too used to governing ourselves

Question 5

american revolution was never about “taxation without representation” it was about

Answer 5

interfering with self rule

Question 6

articles of confederation

Answer 6

1st national governing document

Question 7

in the articles of confederation, states were

Answer 7

powerful than congress

Question 8

in the articles of confederation, states ____ like each other

Answer 8

didn’t like

Question 9

in the articles of confederation, states help _____

Answer 9

co-exist

Question 10

in the articles of confederation, states lacked ______ and had no _______ ________

Answer 10

a national army; national currency

Question 11

in the articles of confederation, there was no ______

Answer 11

unanimity to alter

Question 12

constitutional convention public and private goal

Answer 12

public- alter the articles of confederation

private- whole new document

Question 13

the father of the constitution was

Answer 13

james madison

Question 14

Virginia plan

Answer 14

• 2 chambers
• popular vote and seats population
• a national judiciary
• congress elect president

Question 15

New Jersey plan

Answer 15

• single chamber
• same number per state
• taxing authority

Question 16

Connecticut (great) compromise

Answer 16

• house of representatives

- senate is equal 2 per state

Question 17

3/5 compromise

Answer 17

5 slaves would equal 3 people

Question 18

supremacy clause

Answer 18

9/13 states to ratify

Question 19

federalists

Answer 19

• Hamilton
• madison
• John jay

Question 20

Anti-federalists

Answer 20

• patrick henry
• sam Adams
• feared strong central gov
• keep power at state level
• individual rights?

Question 21

james madison wrote the

Answer 21

bill of limits

Question 22

amending procedure

Answer 22

2/3 + 3/4= amendment

Question 23

federalism chapter

Answer 23

division of power between nation and state govs

Question 24

unitary government

Answer 24

centralized gov where all gov powers belong to a single central agency

Question 25

confederation

Answer 25

• lower level gov has all the power and yields some power to the national gov
• states are free to leave this confederation
• no one uses this b/c difficult to sustain bc what is states start fighting

Question 26

federal

Answer 26

• preferred bc gives freedom and balances power

- balance= checks= prevents dictatorships

Question 27

why federalism

Answer 27

• maintain local culture
• 50 separate labs of policy innovation
• geography

Question 28

expressed powers (its a …?)

Answer 28

specific roles of national gov (article I, sec 8)

national power

Question 29

implied powers (its a …?)

Answer 29

• necessary and proper clause(elastic clause)
• federal gov can do whatever it wants if it achieves the goal of an expressed power
• expands the power of gov….if Supreme Court agrees w/ them
• national power

Question 30

article II (its a …?)

Answer 30

commander in chief, inherit powers- rights that any sovereign country has: self defense, engage in trade/diplomacy

national power

Question 31

national powers include?

Answer 31

expressed, implied, article II

Question 32

10th amendment (its a …?)

Answer 32

list of anything fed gov can’t do or if the constitution forbids the states from doing it

state power

Question 33

police powers (its a …?)

Answer 33

the state has the power to regulate for the safety, morals, health, and welfare of the state residents

state power

Question 34

shared/ concurrent powers (its a …?)

Answer 34

• taxation authority
• est. courts/law enforcement

both national and state gov share

Question 35

prohibited powers

Answer 35

things that national/ state gov can’t do

titles of nobility- national

limited militia, can’t have treaties- state

Question 36

article IV of constitution

Answer 36

• full faith and credit
• privliges and immunities
• extradition

Question 37

cooperation vs. conflict

Answer 37

cooperation- intestate compacts- agreements between states

• conflicts- federal court system

Question 38

supremacy clause

Answer 38

(article VI) as long as the Supreme Court agrees

Question 39

dual federalism

Answer 39

great depression, poverty can happen to anyone

national- foreign policy, expanding the geographic map, same economic regulations

state- est. cities, schools, hospitals

Question 40

dual federalism is what cake

Answer 40

layer cake- national and state gov separate

Question 41

cooperative federalism is what cake

Answer 41

marble cake

Question 42

cooperative federalism

Answer 42

new deal

now national/ state gov work together to solve problems

Question 43

contemporary issues in federalism

Answer 43

almost no issuer that the gov isn’t involved in. federal gov does more than what is in article I, sec 8 AND they ignore the article

Question 44

fiscal, interdependence federalism

Answer 44

grants vs. mandates

Question 45

grants

Answer 45

enticement (bribe, carrot) money to give to states with the hope that the states do what fed gov wants

Question 46

mandates

Answer 46

directives. areas where the gov has the authority ( article I sec 8) (order, stick)

Question 47

partisan views (republican vs. democrat)

Answer 47

repubs- prone to states rights

democ- more supportive of national intervention

reality they pick the strategy that gets their goals accomplished