Chap. 25: PP Flashcards
Which period saw a dramatic increase in the diversity of many animal phyla?
Cambrian Period (542 mybp)
T/F The Cambrian explosion occurred in the Cambrian Period
True
When did the oldest fossils of eukaryotic cells appear?
2100 mybp
In the ________ period, the oldest fossils of eukaryotic cells appeared
Proterozoic Period (Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, Phanerozoic)
T/F 4600 mybp marks the Earth’s origin
True
Did the oldest fossils of cells (prokaryotes) appear before the concentration of atmospheric oxygen began to increase?
Yes, the oldest fossils of cells (prokaryotes) appeared in 3500 mybp and the concentration of atmospheric oxygen began to increase in 2700 mybp (Hadean Period)
List the 4 Eons in chronological order (earliest to current)
Hadean, Archaen, Proterozoic, Phanerozoic
When the ice ages occurred in the Cenozoic era, what consecutive event took place?
Humans appeared (1.8-.1 mybp)
The origin of many primate groups, the dominance of angiosperms, and the major radiation of mammals, birds, and pollinating insects occurred in which era?
Cenozoic Era
T/F Dinosaurs were abundant in the Mesozoic Era. What period were they abundant in?
True. Jurassic Period
What tragic event occurred at the end of the Cretacious period?
Many groups of organisms, including dinosaurs, become extinct
In what eon, period and era did cone-bearing plants dominate the landscape?
Phanerozoic Period, Mesozoic Era, Triassic Period
Name the three periods of the Mesozoic Era and their key events.
1) Triassic - cone-bearing plants (gymnosperms) dominate the landscape
2) Jurassic - dinosaurs are abundant and diverse
3) Cretaceous - Flowering plants appear and diversify; extinction of dinosaurs
The first complex organic monomers are said to develop in what?
a prebiotic soup
What are protobionts?
Simple protocells
List the key insight that Oparin and Haldane contributed to the origin-of-life debate.
At the time of the earth’s origin, the atmosphere had to have been reducing and not oxidizing.
Did Miller and Urey create organic material from in-organic material? What did they specifically create?
Yes. Amino acids.
T/F One problem with Miller and Urey’s experiment was that the molecules had to be removed from the system or they degraded
True
Miller and Urey created organic matter with the help of ammonia and methane. Were ammonia and methane part of the actual early atmosphere?
No. Geochemists agree that ammonia and methane were not part of the early atmosphere.
Does Miller and Urey’s experiment work without ammonia and methane?
No
“Complex molecules must form because life is here” is evolutionists’ _____ ________.
strongest argument
How could the first polymers have formed?
Reducing atmosphere would be required, clay surfaces could act as catalytic sites, iron pyrite could act as a catalyst.
Does oxygen in the atmosphere prevent polymer formation?
Yes.
Do polymers form very efficiently and not spontaneously degrade?
No (how can you get polymers if you can’t get monomers?)
