CHAP 27 - 4TH PAGE Flashcards
ASSESSING AN INFANT WITH HYDROCEPHALUS
ESBPI SLSH
TP MNGT OF HYDROCEPHALUS
ARSL
NTD
NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS
MALFORMATIONS OF THE NEURAL TUBE
NTD
HOW MANY TYPES OF NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS
6
is the absence of the cerebral hemispheres. The baby develops without a major portion of their skull and
brain and results in the death of the baby either before delivery or shortly after birth.
Anencephaly
a disorder in which the fetal brain grows so slowly that it falls more than three standard deviations
below normal ona growth chart at birth. Associated with an intrauterine infection such as rubella, cytomagelovirus, or
toxoplasmosis and zika virus. The infant is cognitively challenged because of lak of functioning brain tissue.
MICROCEPHALY
the mildest form of all NTDs, occurs when the posterior laminae of the vertebrae fail to fuse. A
malformation caused by nonclosure or incomplere closure of the posterior portion of the vertebrae. This occurs most
commonly at the 5th lumbar or 1st sacral level but may occur at any point along the spinal canal.
SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA
if these membranes herniate through unformed vertebrae, they protrude as a circular mass about the
size of an orangeat the center of the back. The protrusion generally occurs in the lower lumbar and lumbosacral region.
MENINGOCELE
most common one affecting the central nervous system and its frequently viewed as the most
complicated when it comes to survival. In a meningomyelocele, the meninges protrude through the vertebrae and the
spinal cord usually ends at the point of protrusion. Motor and sensory function will be decreased or absent beyond this
point. Partial or complete paralysis, partial or complete lack of sensation of the lower extremities, and loss of bowel and
bladder control.
MENINGOMYELOCELE
a cranial meningocele. Occur most often in the occipital area of the skull but may occur as a nasal or
nasopharyngeal disorder.
ENCEPHALOCELE
TP MNGT OF NTD
Spina bifida occulta need no surgical correction because there is no tissue extruding from the vertebrae.
Meningocele or Encephalocele involves immediate surgery to replace the meninges and to close the gap in the skin
to prevent infection.
Meningomyelocele have the same surgery to return the meninges to the spinal cord and close the gap in the skin
surface.
