Chap. 3 Flashcards
(29 cards)
Informal Institutions
rules that are not formalized but exist in, for example, norms, values, and ethics
Ethnocentrism
a self-centered mentality by a group of people who perceive their own culture, ethics, and norms as natural, rational and morally right
Culture
the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another
Artifacts of Culture
the visible surface of culture
Context
the underlying background upon which interaction takes place
Low-Context Culture
a culture in which communication is usually taken at face value without much reliance on unspoken context
High-Context Culture
a culture in which communication relies a lot on the underlying unspoken context, which is as important as the words used
Cluster
countries that share similar cultures together
Civilization
the highest cultural grouping of people and the broadest level of cultural identity people have
Power Distance
the extent to which less powerful members within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally
Individualism
the perspective that the identity of an individual is fundamentally his or her own
Collectivism:
the idea that the identity of an individual is primarily based on the identity of his or her collective group
Masculinity
values traditionally associated with male role, such as assertive, decisive and aggressive
Femininity
values traditionally associated with female role, such as compassion, care, and quality of life
Uncertainty Avoidance
the extent to which members in different cultures accept ambiguous situations and tolerate uncertainty
Long-Term Orientation
a perspective that emphasized perseverance and savings for future betterment
Corporate Language
the language used for communications between entities of the same MNE in different countries
Lingua Franca
the dominance of one language as a global business language
Holy
an item or activity that is treated with particular respect by a religion
Taboo
an item or activity considered unclean by a religion
Secular Society
a society where religion does not dominate public life
Ethics
the principles, standards and norms of conduct governing individual and firm behavior
Code of Conduct
a set of guidelines for making ethical decisions
Ethical Relativism
a perspective that suggests that all ethical standards are relative
