Chap 3:EMTE Flashcards
(36 cards)
what’s the definition of AI? by the founder of the word
John mcarthy defines AI it as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs
AI
is the branch of computer science by which we can create intelligent machines which can behave like a human, think like a human and be able to make decisions.
what is intelligence ? what is knowledge ? what is experience?
intelligence is the ability to acquire and apply knowledge
knowledge is the information acquired through experience
Experience is the knowledge gained through exposure
what are AI based machines intended to do ?
they are intended to perceive their environment and take actions that optimize their level of success.
what is intelligence composed of?
- learning
- reasoning
- problem solving
- perception
- linguistic intelligence
what is an AI system composed of ?
an agent and its environment
an agent is anything (human or robot) that can perceive its environment through sensors and act upon that environment through effectors.
what is machine perception?
its the ability to use input from sensors (cameras, mics) to deduce aspects of the world , like computer vision.
what are some high profile examples of AI?
autonomic vehicles
proving mathematical theorems
playing games(chess)
search engines (google)
online assistants (SIRI)
What does AI deal with?
it deals with the area of developing computing systems that are capable of performing tasks that
humans are very good at, for example recognizing objects, recognizing and making sense of
speech, and decision making in a constrained environment.
what is machine learning ?
its an advanced form of AI where the machine can learn as it goes rather having every action programmed by humans.
what are neural networks ?
they are biologically inspired networks that extract features from the data in a hierarchical fashion.
what is deep learning ?
its the filed of neural networks with several hidden layers.
it is also a machine learning technique that teaches computers to do what comes naturally to humans: learn by example.
where can AI can be applied ?
- transportation = self driven vehicles
- home services and robots= vacuum cleaners and personal assistants and drones for package delivery
- education=
- public safety and security= cameras and drones for surveillance
what are the goals of AI?
- replicate human intelligence
- building a machine which can perform tasks
- crating some system which exhibit intelligent behavior , learn new things by itself , demonstrate , explain and can advise to its user.
what disciplines does AI require to achieve intelligence
to achieve the intelligence factors for a machine , they use disciplines like :
sociology , maths, philosophy, biology , neuron science, psychology and computer science
what are the advantages of AI?
- high accuracy with fewer errors
- high speed
- high reliability
- useful for risky areas
- digital assistant
- useful as a public utility
what are the disadvantages of AI?
- high cost
- cant think out of the box
- unemployment
- no feelings and emotions
- increase dependance on machines
- no original creativity
what are the levels of AI?
stage 1 rule based systems
stage 2 context awareness and retention
stage 3 domain specific expertise
stage 4 reasoning machines
stage 5 self aware systems / AGI
stage 6 artificial super intelligence
stage 7 singularity and transcendence
what are the main types of AI?
there are 2 main types of AI:
1. type 1 which is based on the capabilities of AI
1. type 2 which is based on the functionality of AI
what are the types of AI based on their capabilities?
- Narrow AI
2.General AI
3.Strong AI
what are the types of AI based on their functionality ?
- Reactive machines
- Limited memory
- Theory of mind
- Self awareness
what are the 3 stages of intelligence or the cognitive process?
- observe and input the information or data in the brain
- interpret and evaluate the input that is received from the surrounding environment
- make decisions as a reaction towards what you received as an input and interpreted and evaluated.
why is it possible to map human thinking to AI components?
Because AI is the science of stimulating human thinking , it is possible to map the human thinking stages to the layers or components of AI systems.
Map the 1st stage
In the first stage humans acquire information from their surroundings through human senses, such as hearing and sight senses. AI can do the same thing through sensors like voice recognition and visual imaging through the sensing layer.
