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Radiographic Procedures > Chap 4 upper extremity > Flashcards

Chap 4 upper extremity Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

what kind of joints are in the hand

A

Diarthrodial (Have a joint capsule)

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2
Q

What type of joints are the 1st-5th MCP joints

A

Ellipsoidal (condyloid type)

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3
Q

What type of joints are the 2nd-5th CMC joints

A

Plane (gliding) type

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4
Q

What type of joint is the 1st CMC joint

A

Sellar (saddle) type

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5
Q

what type of joint are the 1st-5th IP joints

A

Ginglymus (hinge) type

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6
Q

what type of joint are the intercarpals

A

Plane (gliding) type

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7
Q

What type of joint is the elbow

A

Ginglymus (hinge) type

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8
Q

what type of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint

A

Trochoidal (pivot) type

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9
Q

describe bone metastases

A

cancer that originated in bone, or has spread (metastasized) from a different origin

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10
Q

Where does a Bennet’s Fx occur

A

Base of 1st metacarpal

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11
Q

where does a Boxer’s Fx occur

A

Transverse Fx running through the neck of the 5th metacarpal

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12
Q

where does a Colles Fx occur

A

Distal radius which is displaced posteriorly

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13
Q

where does a Smith’s Fx occur

A

Transverse Fx of distal radius that is displaced anteriorly

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14
Q

Describe Osteoarthritis

A

degenerative joints and common with age

Cartilage degenerates and enlarged bone growth

Ex. Bone spurring (loss of joint capsule)

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15
Q

Describe Osteroporosis

A

Reduction in the quality of bone
(Poor bone quality, breakdown due to loss of bone density and lack of calcium)

Common in Postmenopausal women and the elderly

Fx may occur secondary to osteoporosis

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16
Q

What is Hand protocol projections

A

PA
PAO
Lateromedial “Fan lateral”

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17
Q

Tech Factors for PA Hand

A

IR 10x12
SFS
40” SID (44 on readout)
55-60 kV
2-3 mAs
CR @ 3rd MCP joint

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18
Q

Tech Factors for PAO Hand

A

IR 10x12
SFS
40” SID (44 on readout)
55-60 kV
2-3 mAs
CR @ 3rd MCP joint

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19
Q

Tech Factors for Lateromedial “fan lateral” Hand

A

IR 10x12
SFS
40” SID (44 on readout)
Increase kV by 5 from PA
3 mAs
CR @ 2nd MCP joint

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20
Q

What are the specialty orders for hand

A

Flexion and Extension Hand Laterals

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21
Q

What is the purpose of Flexion and Extension Hand laterals

Study These Flashcards
A

Looking for foreign objects or fractures & anterior/posterior fracture displacement

*If glass or wood in hand, decrease tech factors
*If metal, no tech changes

22
Q

What is Digits 2-5 protocol projections

Study These Flashcards
A

PA Hand

PAO of digit in question
(2-medial rotation, 3-5 lateral rotation)

Mediolateral (Digit 2) or Lateromedial (Digits 3-5)

23
Q

Tech Factors for PAO digit 2-5

Study These Flashcards
A

IR 10x12
SFS
40” SID (44 on readout)
55-60 kV
2 mAs
CR @ PIP joint of digit in question

24
Q

Tech Factors for Mediolateral or Lateromedial Digit 2-5

Study These Flashcards
A

IR 10x12
SFS
40” SID (44 on readout)
55-60 kV
2 mAs
CR @ PIP joint of digit in question

25
What is Thumb protocol projections
PA Hand (gets oblique view) Lateral AP
26
Tech Factors for lateral thumb
IR 10x12 SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 55-60 kV 2-3 mAs CR @ 1st MCP joint
27
Tech Factors for AP thumb
IR 10x12 SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 55-60 kV 2-3 mAs CR @ 1st MCP joint
28
Wrist protocol projections
PA PAO Lateromedial
29
Tech Factors for PA wrist
IR 10x12 SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 60 kV 3 mAs CR @ mid carpals (bend of wrist)
30
Tech Factors for PAO wrist
IR 10x12 SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 60 kV 3 mAs CR @ mid carpals (bend of wrist)
31
Tech Factors for Lateromedial Wrist
IR 10x12 SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 65 kV 3 mAs CR @ mid carpals (bend of wrist on lateral surface)
32
What are the specialty views for wrist
Radial and Ulnar Deviation
33
What is radial deviation
1st digit flexed toward radius (looking at carpals on ulnar side of wrist)
34
What is ulnar deviation
AKA scaphoid view 5th digit flexed toward ulna (see carpals (scaphoid) on radial side of wrist) *more common bc scaphoid is most commonly fractured bone
35
Forearm protocol projections
AP Lateromedial
36
Tech factors for AP forearm
IR 14x17 LW SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 60 kV 4 mAs CR @ Mid Forearm (collimation includes wrist and elbow joints)
37
Tech factors for Lateromedial Forearm
IR 14x17 LW SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 65 kV 4 mAs CR @ Mid Forearm (Collimation includes wrist and elbow joints)
38
Elbow Protocol Projections
AP APO (45 degree Lateral/External rotation) Lateromedial
39
Tech factors for AP elbow
IR 10x12 SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 60 kV 4-6 mAs CR @ Mid Elbow Joint (elbow crease)
40
Tech factors for APO elbow
IR 10x12 SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 60 kV 4-6 mAs CR @ Mid elbow joint (elbow crease)
41
Tech factors for Lateromedial elbow
IR 10x12 SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 65 kV 4 mAs CR @ Mid elbow joint (elbow crease)
42
What is the specialty view for elbow
APO with 45 degree medial/internal rotation *replace the APO in routine protocol w/ this one if ordered
43
What anatomy is in profile for the APO 45 degree Lateral/External rotation elbow
Capitulum (Radial head, neck, and tuberosity should be free of ulnar superimposition)
44
what anatomy is in profile for the APO 45 degree Medial/Internal rotation elbow
Coronoid process (Radial head should be near centered over proximal ulna)
45
What anatomy is in profile for the lateromedial elbow
Olecranon process
46
Trauma elbow protocol
2 views 90 degrees from each other -Do 2 AP projections 1. place humerus flat 2. place forearm flat (may avoid oblique, so do lateromedial-may have to use horizontal beam)
47
Non-Trauma humerus projection protocol
AP Lateromedial (rotational lateral)
48
Tech factors for AP Humerus No Grid
Part is <10cm so: Tabletop IR 14x17 LW SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 65 kV 6-8 mAs CR @ Mid shaft of humerus (1/2 between elbow and shoulder, collimation must include elbow and shoulder joints)
49
Tech Factors for Lateromedial (Rotational Lateral) Humerus No Grid
Part is <10cm so: Tabletop IR 14x17 LW SFS 40" SID (44 on readout) 65 kV 6-8 mAs CR @ Mid shaft of humerus (1/2 between elbow and shoulder, collimation must include elbow and shoulder joints)
50
Tech factors for AP Humerus Grid
Part is >10cm so: Bucky/Grid IR 14x17 LW SFS 40" SID 70 kV 6-10 mAs CR @ Mid shaft of humerus (1/2 between elbow and shoulder, collimation must include elbow and shoulder joints)
51
Tech factors for Lateromedial (rotational lateral) humerus Grid
Part is >10cm so: Bucky/Grid IR 14x17 LW SFS 40" SID 70 kV 6-10 mAs CR @ Mid shaft of humerus (1/2 between elbow and shoulder, collimation must include elbow and shoulder joints)

Radiographic Procedures (1 decks)

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