Chap 5 Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the Children’s Defense Fund (CDF)?
A nonprofit organization founded in 1973 that advocates for American children, especially those who are poor, minority, or disabled. It promotes policy change and provides support for local child advocacy efforts.
What is UNICEF?
A UN organization founded in 1946, focused exclusively on improving the health, education, and welfare of children in over 140 developing countries through primary care, vaccinations, and clean water access.
What is the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)?
A professional organization of pediatricians founded in 1930, dedicated to the health and well-being of infants, children, and adolescents. It provides guidance, research, and education on child healthcare standards.
What has been the trend in infant mortality rates in the U.S. in the last 15 years?
U.S. infant mortality has declined overall but showed no improvement from 2000–2005. In 2011, the rate was 5.79 per 1,000 live births.
How does the U.S. infant mortality rate compare to other industrial countries?
The U.S. ranks lower than many industrialized nations, e.g., 26th in 2010.
Why are preconception and prenatal care important for mothers and infants?
They improve health outcomes, detect early risks, and manage complications.
What services are included in preconception and prenatal care?
Screenings, nutrition counseling, folic acid supplementation, fetal monitoring, and delivery planning.
What are the consequences of teen pregnancy for the mother?
Teen moms face higher health risks.
What are the consequences of teen pregnancy for the infant?
Infants are more likely to have low birth weight, death, or abuse.
What are the consequences of teen pregnancy for the community?
Communities face economic costs like increased reliance on public aid and lost tax revenue.
What is included in family planning?
Contraception, education, and counseling.
Why is family planning important?
It helps reduce unintended pregnancies and improve maternal and infant health.
What are the pro-life and pro-choice positions on abortion?
Pro-life: Life begins at conception; abortion is murder. Pro-choice: Women have the right to reproductive freedom and autonomy over their bodies.
Why was the Roe v. Wade decision so important?
It legalized abortion in the U.S. in 1973, reducing deaths from illegal abortions and affirming women’s right to choose during the first trimester.
What are the leading causes of death in children aged 1-4?
Unintentional injuries (especially motor vehicle crashes) and congenital malformations.
What are the leading causes of death in children aged 5-14?
Unintentional injuries, cancer, and homicide.
Why are childhood immunizations important?
They prevent serious infectious diseases, reduce child mortality, and protect the community through herd immunity.
What is the WIC program, and whom does it serve?
WIC provides nutrition and health services to low-income pregnant/postpartum women, infants, and children under 5.
Why is health insurance important for women, infants, and children?
It ensures access to preventive and emergency care, reduces health disparities, and improves long-term outcomes.
Name three groups that advocate for children’s health.
- CDF – Advocates for poor/minority children; supports prevention and policy change.
- UNICEF – Global child health, sanitation, and education initiatives.
- AAP – Promotes medical standards and programs like Healthy Child Care America.
