Chap 5: Structure and Properties of Materials

Question 1

What is the structure of ionic compounds?

Answer 1

Giant ionic lattice structure

Question 2

What bonds are between giant ionic lattice structures?

Answer 2

Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 3

What is the MP/BP for giant ionic lattice structures?

Answer 3

High as large amount of energy need to overcome strong FOA

Question 4

What is the solubility of giant ionic lattice structures?

Answer 4

Soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents

Question 5

Electrical conductivity of giant ionic lattice structures?

Answer 5

Are electrical conductors only in molten or aqueous states.
(As it has charged particles and ions are free to move to conduct electricty)

Question 6

Hardness of giant ionic lattice structures?

Answer 6

Hard due to strong FOA

Question 7

What are the 3 types of structures in covalent bonding?

Answer 7

• Simple moleculer/covalent structure
• Giant covalent structures
• Macromolecules

Question 8

What are the bonds between simple molecular structures?

Answer 8

Weak intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules

Question 9

MP/BP of simple molecular structures?

Answer 9

Low as small amount of energy is needed to overcome IMFOA

Question 10

Does molecular size affect MP/BP?

Answer 10

Yes as bigger the molecular size, the more IMFOA, causing a higher MP/BP

Question 11

What is the solubility of all the structures under covalent bonding?

Answer 11

Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents

Question 12

Electrical conductivity of simple molecular structures?

Answer 12

None as there are no charged particles, regardless of state

Question 13

Bonding between giant covalent structures?

Answer 13

Strong covalent bonds between atoms/particles

Question 14

MP/BP of giant covalent structures?

Answer 14

High as large amount of energy needed to overcome strong covalent bonds

Question 15

Electrical conductivity of giant covalent structures?

Answer 15

None except for graphite

Question 16

Describe unique characteristics of diamond/silicone dioxide

Answer 16

• It is hard due to tetrahedral structure
• It is an electrical insulator

Question 17

Describe unique characteristics of graphite

Answer 17

• Soft due to its hexagonal structure (weak van der Waal’s FOA)
• the IMFOA are weaker than covalent bonds, hence it is used as an lubricant
• It is an electrical conductor

Question 18

Structure of macromolecules?

Answer 18

In a long chain, differs in hardness and flexibility

Question 19

MP/BP of macromolecules?

Answer 19

• lesser than giant covalent structures, higher than simple molecular structures
• not fixed
  [larger the macromolecule, higher the MP/BP]

Question 20

Electrical conductivity of macromolecules?

Answer 20

None as there are no charged/mobile ions

Question 21

Structure of metal compounds?

Answer 21

Giant metallic lattice structure

Question 22

Bonding between metal compounds?

Answer 22

electrostatic forces of attraction between positive metal ions and sea of delocalised electrons

Question 23

2 different types of metal compounds?

Answer 23

Metals & alloys

Question 24

MP/BP of metals?

Answer 24

High due to strong metallic bonds

Question 25

Solubility of metals?

Answer 25

insoluble in water and organic solvents

Question 26

Electrical conductivity of metals?

Answer 26

good electrical conductivity in all states due to mobile delocalised electrons

Question 27

Hardness of metals?

Answer 27

malleable and ductile - shaped by applying pressure and stretching without breaking - due to ions being able to slide past one another

Question 28

What are alloys?

Answer 28

micutre of metals with one or more other element (metal of non metal)

Question 29

MP/BP of alloys?

Answer 29

varies as it is a mixture

Question 30

solubility of alloys

Answer 30

insoluble in water and organic solvents

Question 31

electrical conductivity of alloys?

Answer 31

good in all states due to mobile delocalised electrons

Question 32

hardness of alloys?

Answer 32

hard due to its irregular structure, so ions cannot slide past one another (non-malleable)

Question 33

copper and tin form?

Answer 33

bronze

Question 34

iron and carbon form?

Answer 34

steel