Chap 6 - Infectious Disease - Treatments

Question 1

Viral URI

Answer 1

Inhaled heated vapor
Decongestants
1st generation anti-histamines
Intranasal ipratropium

Question 2

Pharyngitis

Answer 2

Oral penicillin

Erythromycin

Question 3

Pharyngitis with non-compliant patient

Answer 3

IM penicillin G

Question 4

Treatment to avoid in pharyngitis

Answer 4

Macrolides => do not cover F.necrophorum in young adults

Question 5

Bilateral sinusitis

Answer 5

Supportive measures only

Question 6

Unilateral sinusitis

Answer 6

1. Amoxicillin-clavulonate

2. Doxycycline or levofloxacin

Question 7

Not recommended in unilateral sinusitis

Answer 7

Macrolides

TMP-SMX

Question 8

Otitis media

Answer 8

Amoxicillin or azithromycin for 7-10 days

Question 9

Community acquired pneumonia

Answer 9

Macrolide

Doxycycline

Question 10

CAP with cardiopulmonary symptoms

Answer 10

Levofloxacin
OR
B-lactam + macrolide/doxycycline

Question 11

CAP that requires hospitalization

Answer 11

IV levofloxacin or IV B-lactam + macrolide/doxy

Question 12

CAP due to aspiration

Answer 12

Clindamycin

B-lactam + inhibitor (amp-sul, pip-tazo)

Question 13

CAP with an abscess

Answer 13

Clindamycin

Question 14

Legionella

Answer 14

Quinolone

Question 15

Active TB

Answer 15

Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol
Initial phase: 2 months => repeat sputum smear & culture
Continuation phase: 4-7 months

Question 16

Latent TB

Answer 16

9 months isoniazid daily -OR-
4 months rifampin daily -OR-
3 months DOT rifapentine + isoniazid weekly

Question 17

Side effects of TB drugs

Answer 17

Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide => hepatitis

Ethambutol => visual acuity changes

Question 18

Infective endocarditis prophylaxis

Answer 18

Single dose amoxicillin 30-60 min before procedure
-OR-
Clindamycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin

Question 19

Infective endocarditis empiric treatment

Answer 19

Staph, strep, entero: Vancomycin + Gentamycin

Coag Neg staph: Vanc + Gent + Rifampin

Question 20

Uncomplicated cystitis in nonpregnant woman

Answer 20

TMP-SMX (Bactrim) x 3 days
Fluoroquinolones
Nitrofurantoin
B-lactam
1-dose fosfomycin

Question 21

Uncomplicated cystitis in men

Answer 21

TMP-SMX (Bactrim) x 3 days
Fluoroquinolones
Nitrofurantoin
B-lactam
1-dose fosfomycin

Question 22

Antibiotics to avoid in pyelonephritis

Answer 22

Nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin

Question 23

Complicated cystitis in nonpregnant woman

Answer 23

Fluoroquinolone x 7-14 days

Question 24

Cystitis in pregnant woman

Answer 24

Amoxicillin or nitrofurantoin

Question 25

Nonpregnant pyelonephritis

Answer 25

Fluoroquinolone

Question 26

Complicated pyelonephritis (hospitalized)

Answer 26

IV fluoroquinolone, extended spectrum cephalosporin, penicillin, aminoglycoside

Question 27

Acute prostatitis

Answer 27

IV fluoroquinolone or cephalosporin

Question 28

Primary, secondary, early latent syphilis

Answer 28

IM Penicillin G

Question 29

Late latent syphilis

Answer 29

IM Penicillin G

Question 30

Neurosyphilis

Answer 30

IV penicillin G

Question 31

Syphilis in pregnancy

Answer 31

Penicillin

Question 32

Gonorrhea

Answer 32

Ceftriaxone IM 1 dose

Question 33

Chlamydia

Answer 33

Azithromycin or doxycycline 7 days

Question 34

Chlamydia in pregnancy

Answer 34

Azithromycin or amoxicillin 7 days

Question 35

PID (outpatient)

Answer 35

Ceftriaxone IM single dose + doxycycline 14 days

Question 36

PID (inpatient)

Answer 36

Cefoxitin IV and doxycycline twice

Question 37

Genital herpes

Answer 37

Acyclovir OR famcyclovir OR Valacyclovir

Question 38

Chancroid

Answer 38

Azithromycin or ceftriaxone single dose Cipro 3 days Erythromycin 7 days