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Science F2 > Chap 7 > Flashcards

Chap 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What does energy mean

A

the ability to do work

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1
Q

S.I. unit for energy

A

S.I. unit for energy is joule (J)

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2
Q

Energy cannot be ________ nor __________ but it can exist in various forms

A

-created
-destroyed

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3
Q

Forms of energy:

A

-Sound energy
-kinetic energy
-electrical energy
-light energy
-chemical energy
-elastic potential energy
-gravitational potential energy
-nuclear energy
-heat energy

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4
Q

How is sound energy produced

A

produced by a vibrating object

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5
Q

how is kinetic energy produced

A

produced by a moving object

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6
Q

how is electrical energy produced

A

produced by the electric charges that flow throughout

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7
Q

how is gravitational potential energy produced

A

energy stored in an object due to its position

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8
Q

how is elastic potential energy produced

A

stored in an object due to its condition

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9
Q

how is light energy produced

A

produced by an object that emits light

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10
Q

how is nuclear energy produced

A

obtained from elements such as plutonium and uranium

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11
Q

nuclear energy is also known as

A

atomic energy

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12
Q

how is heat energy produced

A

stored in hot object

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13
Q

how is chemical energy produced

A

produced from energy stored in chemical substances

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14
Q

Sources of energy

A

-Sun
-geothermal (uses heat energy frm earths inner core)
-water
-biomass (plants/animals)
-fossil fuel
-radioactive substance
-wave
-wind

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15
Q

Electrostatic charges happens when

A

when 2 objects (insulator) or materials are rubbed tgt

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16
Q

Electrostatic charges happens as a result of:

A

the transfer of electric charges between our body and the object that has static electric charges

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17
Q

Electrostatic charges are the

A

static charges

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18
Q

Electric charges consist of

A

positive charges (proton)
negative charges (electron)

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19
Q

Electrostatic forces is the:

A

the attraction and repulsion between the electric charges

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20
Q

Only the ______ are transferred form one object to the other, whereas the _____ do not move

A

-electrons
-protons

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21
Q

The object that gains electrons will be

A

negatively charged

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22
Q

The object that loses electrons will be

A

positively charged

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23
Q

The object that has equal number of protons and electrons is known as

A

neutral

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24
Q

Same charges _____ each other

A

repel

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25
Q

Opposite charges _______ each other

A

attract

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26
Q

Whats an electroscope

A
  • a device used to detect the existence of electric charges on an object
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27
Q

The further the divergence of the object the higher the:

A

quantity of electrostatic charges accumulated

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28
Q

Friction between clouds and air causes the clouds to be:

A

charged with electric charges

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29
Q

Lighting is a result of:

A

the force of attraction that exists between the positive charges on the ground and the negative charges in the clouds

30
Q

Electric current can be defined as the:

A

rate of flow of electric charges through a conductor

31
Q

Flow of electric current can be measured by using an

A

ammeter

32
Q

S.I. unit for electric current is

A

ampere (A)

33
Q

Voltage is

A

the potential difference between two points

34
Q

Voltage can be measured in ___ n using:

A

measured in Volt (V) by using a voltmeter

35
Q

Resistance meaning:

A

the ability of a conductor to limit or resist the flow of electric current

36
Q

unit measuring for resistance

A

ohm (Ω)

37
Q

what r the 3 electrical quantities that r related to one another in a circuit

A

-current
-voltage
-resistance

38
Q

The changes in magnitude of the electrical quantities will:

A

have an effect in the magnitude of the other quantities

39
Q

The amount of current flowing through the circuit _______ as the resistance _____

A

-decreases
-increases

40
Q

relationship between current (I), voltage (V) and resistance (R) is known as

A

Ohm’s Law

41
Q

Ohm’s law can be written as:

A

V = IR

42
Q

Ohm’s Law states that:

A

the electric current that flows through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across two ends of the conductor, provided the temp and other physical situations r the same

43
Q

State the formulas to calculate ohms law

A

V = I xR
I = V/R
R = V/I

44
Q

Whats an electric circuit

A

a complete path which enables electric current to flow

45
Q

A complete electric circuit is made up of various

A

electrical components

46
Q

State the electrical components in an electric circuit

A

-switch
-dry cell
-voltmeter
-galvanometer
-ammeter
-bulb
-resistor
-fuse
-variable resistor

47
Q

Series circuit is:

A

made up of electrical components that are connected one after another where the current flows through in a single path

48
Q

Parallel circuit is:

A

separated into several diff paths of electrical circuit and each parallel path has electrical components

49
Q

An electric circuit can be connected in:

A

series or parallel

50
Q

for series circuit: Current that flows through each bulb is the

A

same

51
Q

for series circuit: The voltage is the _____ of the voltages across each bulb

A

sum

52
Q

for series circuit: Effective resistance is the _____ resistance across the components

A

total

53
Q

State advantages of series circuit

A

-every component in the circuit receives same amount of current
-every component is controlled by the same switch
-increase in voltage supplies more electric current

54
Q

state disadvantages of series circuit

A
  • when one of the electrical appliances is damaged, other electrical appliances ceases to function
  • adding more electrical appliances increases resistance n decreases the flow of the current
  • each electrical appliance cannot be switched off individually
55
Q

for parallel circuit : voltage that flows across each resistor is the ___ as the voltage that flows __________

A

-same
-across the dry cell

56
Q

for parallel circuit: Current is actually the _____ of current that:

A

-total amount
-flows through each resistor

57
Q

state advantages of parallel circuit

A
  • every electrical appliance can be switched on or off separately
  • the increase in the number of electrical appliances does not affect the function of the other appliances in the same circuit
58
Q

state the disadvantages of parallel circuit

A
  • the voltage for every electrical appliance cannot be adjusted bcuz the voltage is the same as the source of voltage
58
Q

The electrical wiring system in our homes is connected in parallel to ensure

A

every light gets the same voltage frm its main power supply

58
Q

Magnets exist naturally in the form of

A

lodestones

59
Q

man made magnets r made frm materials such as

A

iron, steel , cobalt and nickel

60
Q

properties of a magnet:

A

-attracts magnetic materials
-has poles (north pole n south pole)
-freely suspended magnet shows north – —south direction
-like poles repel, unlike poles attract

61
Q

Characteristics of magnetic field lines

A
  • the magnetic field lines never meet or cross
  • the magnetic field lines begin from the north pole and end at the south pole
  • the magnetic field lines are closer to one another where the magnetic field is stronger
62
Q

Magnetic field is:

A

the area around magnets with magnetic force

63
Q

Electromagnet is:

A

a type of magnet that has temporary magnetic effect when electric current flows through it

64
Q

pattern of the magnetic field field depends on the :

A

shape of the conductor used

65
Q

Magnetic field lines are ____ where the magnetic field is _____

A

-closer
-stronger

66
Q

The strength of the magnetic field _______ as it moves away from the _________

A

-reduces
-centre of the conductor

67
Q

The pattern of the magnetic field produced is _________ by the the direction of the current that flows through the conductor

A

-not affected

68
Q

the direction of the magnetic field is determined by the:

A

direction of the electric current

69
Q

what determines the direction of the magnetic field of the current flow in a straight wire

A

-the right hand grip rule

70
Q

Solenoid polarity can be determined by

A

observing the direction of the current flow

Science F2 (13 decks)

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