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Science F2 > Chap 7 > Flashcards

Chap 7 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

What does energy mean

A

the ability to do work

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1
Q

S.I. unit for energy

A

S.I. unit for energy is joule (J)

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2
Q

Energy cannot be ________ nor __________ but it can exist in various forms

A

-created
-destroyed

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3
Q

Forms of energy:

A

-Sound energy
-kinetic energy
-electrical energy
-light energy
-chemical energy
-elastic potential energy
-gravitational potential energy
-nuclear energy
-heat energy

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4
Q

How is sound energy produced

A

produced by a vibrating object

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5
Q

how is kinetic energy produced

A

produced by a moving object

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6
Q

how is electrical energy produced

A

produced by the electric charges that flow throughout

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7
Q

how is gravitational potential energy produced

A

energy stored in an object due to its position

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8
Q

how is elastic potential energy produced

A

stored in an object due to its condition

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9
Q

how is light energy produced

A

produced by an object that emits light

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10
Q

how is nuclear energy produced

A

obtained from elements such as plutonium and uranium

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11
Q

nuclear energy is also known as

A

atomic energy

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12
Q

how is heat energy produced

A

stored in hot object

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13
Q

how is chemical energy produced

A

produced from energy stored in chemical substances

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14
Q

Sources of energy

A

-Sun
-geothermal (uses heat energy frm earths inner core)
-water
-biomass (plants/animals)
-fossil fuel
-radioactive substance
-wave
-wind

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15
Q

Electrostatic charges happens when

A

when 2 objects (insulator) or materials are rubbed tgt

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16
Q

Electrostatic charges happens as a result of:

A

the transfer of electric charges between our body and the object that has static electric charges

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17
Q

Electrostatic charges are the

A

static charges

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18
Q

Electric charges consist of

A

positive charges (proton)
negative charges (electron)

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19
Q

Electrostatic forces is the:

A

the attraction and repulsion between the electric charges

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20
Q

Only the ______ are transferred form one object to the other, whereas the _____ do not move

A

-electrons
-protons

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21
Q

The object that gains electrons will be

A

negatively charged

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22
Q

The object that loses electrons will be

A

positively charged

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23
Q

The object that has equal number of protons and electrons is known as

A

neutral

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24
Same charges _____ each other
repel
25
Opposite charges _______ each other
attract
26
Whats an electroscope
- a device used to detect the existence of electric charges on an object
27
The further the divergence of the object the higher the:
quantity of electrostatic charges accumulated
28
Friction between clouds and air causes the clouds to be:
charged with electric charges
29
Lighting is a result of:
the force of attraction that exists between the positive charges on the ground and the negative charges in the clouds
30
Electric current can be defined as the:
rate of flow of electric charges through a conductor
31
Flow of electric current can be measured by using an
ammeter
32
S.I. unit for electric current is
ampere (A)
33
Voltage is
the potential difference between two points
34
Voltage can be measured in ___ n using:
measured in Volt (V) by using a voltmeter
35
Resistance meaning:
the ability of a conductor to limit or resist the flow of electric current
36
unit measuring for resistance
ohm (Ω)
37
what r the 3 electrical quantities that r related to one another in a circuit
-current -voltage -resistance
38
The changes in magnitude of the electrical quantities will:
have an effect in the magnitude of the other quantities
39
The amount of current flowing through the circuit _______ as the resistance _____
-decreases -increases
40
relationship between current (I), voltage (V) and resistance (R) is known as
Ohm's Law
41
Ohm's law can be written as:
V = IR
42
Ohm's Law states that:
the electric current that flows through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across two ends of the conductor, provided the temp and other physical situations r the same
43
State the formulas to calculate ohms law
V = I xR I = V/R R = V/I
44
Whats an electric circuit
a complete path which enables electric current to flow
45
A complete electric circuit is made up of various
electrical components
46
State the electrical components in an electric circuit
-switch -dry cell -voltmeter -galvanometer -ammeter -bulb -resistor -fuse -variable resistor
47
Series circuit is:
made up of electrical components that are connected one after another where the current flows through in a single path
48
Parallel circuit is:
separated into several diff paths of electrical circuit and each parallel path has electrical components
49
An electric circuit can be connected in:
series or parallel
50
for series circuit: Current that flows through each bulb is the
same
51
for series circuit: The voltage is the _____ of the voltages across each bulb
sum
52
for series circuit: Effective resistance is the _____ resistance across the components
total
53
State advantages of series circuit
-every component in the circuit receives same amount of current -every component is controlled by the same switch -increase in voltage supplies more electric current
54
state disadvantages of series circuit
- when one of the electrical appliances is damaged, other electrical appliances ceases to function - adding more electrical appliances increases resistance n decreases the flow of the current - each electrical appliance cannot be switched off individually
55
for parallel circuit : voltage that flows across each resistor is the ___ as the voltage that flows __________
-same -across the dry cell
56
for parallel circuit: Current is actually the _____ of current that:
-total amount -flows through each resistor
57
state advantages of parallel circuit
- every electrical appliance can be switched on or off separately - the increase in the number of electrical appliances does not affect the function of the other appliances in the same circuit
58
state the disadvantages of parallel circuit
- the voltage for every electrical appliance cannot be adjusted bcuz the voltage is the same as the source of voltage
58
The electrical wiring system in our homes is connected in parallel to ensure
every light gets the same voltage frm its main power supply
58
Magnets exist naturally in the form of
lodestones
59
man made magnets r made frm materials such as
iron, steel , cobalt and nickel
60
properties of a magnet:
-attracts magnetic materials -has poles (north pole n south pole) -freely suspended magnet shows north -- ---south direction -like poles repel, unlike poles attract
61
Characteristics of magnetic field lines
- the magnetic field lines never meet or cross - the magnetic field lines begin from the north pole and end at the south pole - the magnetic field lines are closer to one another where the magnetic field is stronger
62
Magnetic field is:
the area around magnets with magnetic force
63
Electromagnet is:
a type of magnet that has temporary magnetic effect when electric current flows through it
64
pattern of the magnetic field field depends on the :
shape of the conductor used
65
Magnetic field lines are ____ where the magnetic field is _____
-closer -stronger
66
The strength of the magnetic field _______ as it moves away from the _________
-reduces -centre of the conductor
67
The pattern of the magnetic field produced is _________ by the the direction of the current that flows through the conductor
-not affected
68
the direction of the magnetic field is determined by the:
direction of the electric current
69
what determines the direction of the magnetic field of the current flow in a straight wire
-the right hand grip rule
70
Solenoid polarity can be determined by
observing the direction of the current flow

Science F2 (13 decks)

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