Chapman's reflexes

Question 1

what are chapman’s reflexes?

Answer 1

system of reflex points that present predictable palpable anterior and posterior fascialtissue texture abnormalities…assuming the reflection of visceral dysfunction.

Question 2

true or false: chapman’s reflexes suggest specific organ pathology?

Answer 2

true

Question 3

chapmna’s reflexes represent the ____ manifestations of a _____ dysfunction

Answer 3

somatic manifestations

visceral dysfunction

Question 4

The study of reflex points started when Dr. Chapman started intense study of what part of the body?

Answer 4

lymphatics

Question 5

Describe the pathophysiology of pelvic-thyroid-adrenal syndrome

Answer 5

somatic dysfunction of pelvis impairs blood/nerve supply –> metabolic changes occur that cause retention of toxins –> local lymph stasis results in nerve irritation leading to tenderness to the body surface

Question 6

What specifically is a chapman’s point

Answer 6

The area of tenderness on the body surface where the local lymph stasis has resulted in nerve irritation

Question 7

What are the qualities often found of a chapman’s point?

Answer 7

small, smooth, firm, circumscribed area of edema “small pearls of tapioca”

Question 8

where are chapman’s points found in the skin?

Answer 8

on the deep fascia or periosteum

Question 9

what is found on microscopic analysis of chapman’s points

Answer 9

no identifiable pathology

Question 10

describe what the pain is like at a chapman’s point

Answer 10

It is often out of proportion to the amnt of pressure used - deep pain with gentle/firm pressure, sharp, pinpoint source of pain that DOES NOT radiate

Question 11

Do chapman’s reflex points radiate?

Answer 11

NO

Question 12

what is the unique identifying factor between chapman’s reflex points and myofascial trigger point?

Answer 12

myofascial trigger points radiate

Question 13

what is the unique identifier distinguishing tender points and chapman reflex?

Answer 13

tender points are not associated with any specific visceral pathology

Question 14

According to Dr. Chapman, what treatment will improve the hormonal function of the glands in the pelvis?

Answer 14

Balancing the pelvis.

Question 15

What needs to be treated before treating the reflex points?

Answer 15

the pelvis

Question 16

What is the order of treatment plan regarding when to approach Chapman’s points?

Answer 16

Diagnose chapman’s relfex–>treat somatic dysfunctions–>treat CRP

Question 17

Describe the steps in treating a CRP

Answer 17

1. place finger pad gently on individual nodule
2. hold for 10-30 seconds until the nodule disappears
3. do not use excessive pressure on either anterior or posterior points

Question 18

where are CRP typically found on the body?

Answer 18

on both the anterior and posterior surfaces

Question 19

describe the 30 second visceral screen

Answer 19

palpate the sternal/costochondral interspaces/umbilical/suprapubic regions, and lateral thighs

Question 20

what areas are added when you do the 45 second screen

Answer 20

clavicular = ENT

Question 21

Boards usually ask for anterior, posterior, or both CPR?

Answer 21

anterior

Question 22

what organs are not bilateral?

Answer 22

heart, liver, spleen, pancreas (only sit on one side of the body)

Question 23

CRP: middle ear/otitis media

Answer 23

superior portion of the clavicle in mid-clavicular line

Question 24

CRP: pharynx/pharyngitis

Answer 24

superior portion of 1st rib just lateral to the manubrium at the costosternal junction

Question 25

CRP: sinuses, sinusitis

Answer 25

superior portion of 2nd rib on mid-clavicular line

Question 26

CRP: esophagus, bronchus, thyroid, myocardium (bronchitis, thyroid disease, heart disease)

Answer 26

Btwn ribs 2-3, just lateral to sternum. Heart is just left of 2-3 interspace.

Question 27

memory tools: ear

Answer 27

ear is line with the midclavicular line

Question 28

memory tools: pharynx

Answer 28

PHarynx on the First rib

Question 29

memory tools: sinuses

Answer 29

SSSinuses on SSSuperior portion of SSSecond rib

Question 30

memory tools: myocardium/esophagus

Answer 30

listen to the heart in the 2nd ICS

Question 31

CRP: upper lung (PNA)

Answer 31

Btwn ribs 3-4 just lateral to the sternum, depends on location of the PNA for R vs. L side

Question 32

CRP: lung lower, lower lobe PNA

Answer 32

Btwn ribs 4-5 just lateral to sternum.

Question 33

CRP: stomach (acidity/gastritis)

Answer 33

Btwn ribs 5-6 near costochondral junction

Question 34

memory tools: stomach

Answer 34

Viscerosomatic level for stomach = T5-9. Peristasis occurs 6th ICS. Therefore CRP for stomach is going to be 5-6.

Question 35

CRP: liver, gallbladder (disease)

Answer 35

Btwn ribs 6-7 near costochondral junction - RIGHT side only

Question 36

memory tool for liver/gallbladder

Answer 36

Viscerosomatic for liver is T6-9

Question 37

CRP: spleen

Answer 37

Btwn ribs 7-8 - LEFT side only

Question 38

CRP: pancreas

Answer 38

Btwn ribs 7-8 - RIGHT side only

Question 39

Memory tool pancreas

Answer 39

spleen and pancreas = 17 letters/ 2 organ s = 7

Question 40

CRP: appendix (anterior and posterior)

Answer 40

a) anterior: anterior tip of the 12th rib on the RIGHT | b) posterior: right transverse process of T11

Question 41

CRP: bladder (UTI)

Answer 41

at the umbilicus

Question 42

memory tool: bladder

Answer 42

UUUTI = UUUMbilicus

Question 43

CRP: ovaries, urethra

Answer 43

lateral to the pubic symphysis

Question 44

CRP: prostate

Answer 44

on top of the IT band in its midline

Question 45

CRP for colon - right femur

Answer 45

cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, right 2/5s of t. colon

Question 46

CRP for colon - left femur

Answer 46

sigmoid, descending colon, splenic flexure, left 3/5 of t. colon

Question 47

CRP for rectum

Answer 47

lesser trochanter bilaterally

Question 48

What nervous system are the collateral ganglia part of?

Answer 48

sympathetic

Question 49

What are all the branches of the sympathetic ganglia?

Answer 49

celiac, superior/inferior mesenteric

Question 50

What can cause palpable changes in the collateral ganglia tissues prior to patients noticing symptoms?

Answer 50

visceral afferent activity

Question 51

Where are the celiac ganglia located

Answer 51

right below the xyphoid

Question 52

Where are the superior mesenteric ganglion and plexus found?

Answer 52

located 1/2 btwn the xiphoid and umbilicus

Question 53

where is the inferior mesenteric ganglion found?

Answer 53

located at the umbilicus

Question 54

What preganglionic nerve fibers does the celiac ganglion receive

Answer 54

T5-9

Question 55

What organs does the celiac ganglion supply?

Answer 55

Distal esophagus, stomach, proximal duodenum, liver, gallbladder, spleen, and portions of the pancreas

Question 56

Superior mesenteric ganglion receives preganglionic nerve fibers from what levels?

Answer 56

T10-11

Question 57

What organs does the superior mesenteric ganglion supply?

Answer 57

Distal duodenum, portions of the pancreas, jejunum, ileum, ascending colon, and proximal 2/3 of transverse colon.

Question 58

Inferior mesenteric ganglion received preganglionic fibers from what spinal levels?

Answer 58

T12-L2

Question 59

Inferior mesenteric ganglion supplies what organs?

Answer 59

Distal 1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.

Question 60

What ganglion is associated with upper GI disorders?

Answer 60

celiac

Question 61

What ganglion is associated with lower GI disorders?

Answer 61

inferior mesenteric

Question 62

How do you diagnose a facilitation of an abdominal collateral ganglion?

Answer 62

Evaluate tissues on top of the ganglia to determine if there is evidence of increased SNS. (place both hands over the area, spread them equally, objective sensation of rapid increase in resistance to pressure applied)

Question 63

Steps in treating ganglia inhibition.

Answer 63

1. Fingers are placed midline over the collateral ganglia with pressure that matches the tissue tension. 2. maintain pressure as pt small inhale 3. with exhalation, follow the tissues posteriorly until new resistance is met 4. repeat above steps until relaxation of the tension is achieved OR held for 90 seconds 5. recheck by pressing pressure over the ganglion again

Question 64

Relative contraindications to treatment of collateral ganglia?

Answer 64

1. aortic aneurysm 2. surgical sound 3. acute abdomen 4. pregnancy

Question 65

What those with relative CI to CRP treatment be treated with OMM?

Answer 65

Yes, they can and should be after addressing any medical emergencies.

Question 66

True or false, CRP have the same innervation as the collateral ganglia and viscersomatic reflexes?

Answer 66

true