Chapter 07: muscles

Question 1

all of the following are functions of muscle EXCEPT

Answer 1

Production of red blood cells

Question 2

Which of the following statements would support the assertion that the arrector pili muscles associated with the hair are smooth muscle?

Answer 2

Both “arrector pili muscles are under involuntary control therefore they are not skeletal muscle” and “cardiac muscle is only located in the walls of the heart” are correct.

Question 3

Classify each of the following according to whether it belongs to the skeletal, cardiac, or smooth muscle types

Answer 3

Skeleton: Voluntary, multiple, peripherally located nucleus, body movement.
Smooth: Movements of hair and pupil size, spindle shaped, no striations.
Cardiac: Cylindrical and branched, Spontaneous contractions.

Question 4

Which is not one of the main characteristics of muscle tissue?

Answer 4

Rigidity

Question 5

Indicate whether true or false

Answer 5

Unlike skeletal muscle, smooth muscle is striated in appearance: FALSE
In smooth muscle, the actin and myosin myofilaments are in loose bundles: TRUE
No T tubule system exists in smooth muscles: TRUE
Smooth muscle contracts faster than skeletal: FALSE
In smooth muscle, actin myofilaments are attached to dense bodies: TRUE
Skeletal muscle contains more actin and myosin myofilaments than smooth muscle: TRUE
Smooth muscle cells are larger than skeletal muscle cells: FALSE

Question 6

Label the structures

Answer 6

Check IPAD because it doesn’t let me put picture of structure. Just try your best! :)

Question 7

Identify the molecule within muscle fibers that stores oxygen temporarily

Answer 7

Myoglobin

Question 8

Which of the following visual cues could be used to determine if a sarcomere is contracting completely?

Answer 8

The H zone is no longer visible

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes the epimysium?

Answer 9

A layer of connective tissue that surrounds a muscle

Question 10

Label the parts of skeletal muscle

Answer 10

See Ipad. Yay you got this keep going!

Question 11

Muscle myofibrils

Answer 11

All of these are correct

Question 12

Correctly label the parts of a sarcomere

Answer 12

Again just look at picture and try to memorize. YAY you know from APR

Question 13

The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called the..

Answer 13

sarcolemma

Question 14

An unknown substance has been discovered that blocks the binding sites on the troponin, What effect would have this on overall muscle contraction?

Answer 14

The H zones are no longer visible

Question 15

Match the energy source with its description

Answer 15

Stored in the muscles during resting conditions: ADENYLATE KINASE AND CREATINE KINASE
Requires oxygen: AEROBIC RESPIRATION
Net gain of two ATP molecules for every glucose molecule: ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
Can produce 36 ATP molecules for every glucose molecule: AEROBIC RESPIRATION
Can support muscle contraction for Up to 3 mins: ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
Can sustain muscle contraction for 8-10 seconds: ADENYLATE KINASE AND CREATINE KINASE

Question 16

Place the steps of the muscle action potential in the appropriate order

Answer 16

Check Ipad :)

Question 17

During contraction, the sarcomeres shorten because

Answer 17

actin is pulled past myosin towards the M line of the sarcomere

Question 18

Which of the following best explains the characteristics of motor neuron that is said to be inhibited

Answer 18

The cell has experienced a hyperpolarization, moving the membrane potential farther from threshold

Question 19

Botulinus toxin causes paralysis by preventing the exocytotic release of acetylcholine from synaptic vesicles. Which of the following events would still occur in a tissue treated with this toxin?

Answer 19

Calcium ion channels in the presynaptic membrane open allowing Ca ++ to enter the neuron

Question 20

Fill in the blanks describing the events during the creation of an action potential

Answer 20

See Ipad, I did good, you got this

Question 21

Complete each sentence with the correct word from the list

Answer 21

see ipad, but you got this

Question 22

Put the following events in chronological order (some steps may be missing)

Answer 22

See ipad SS, the visual is easier like that (4,1,5,2,3,6)

Question 23

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder in which the number of acetylcholine receptors is dramatically decreased to treat some of the symptoms of myasthenia gravis physicians sometimes prescribe the anticholinesterase drug neostigmine. Why does this drug help with the symptoms of muscle weakness and fatigue?

Answer 23

The reduced activity of acetylcholinesterase prevents breakdown of ACh levels in the synapse remain elevated, thereby increasing the stimulation of the reduced number of functional ACh receptors.

Question 24

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 24

Both “produces lactate within the muscle” and “occurs during limited O2 availability” are correct

Question 25

When- cause more motor units to contract in. whole muscle as the stimulus strength increases, the relationship between increased stimulus strength and increased number of motor units contracting is called-

Answer 25

recruitment; summation

Question 26

Which ofthe followin events would disrupt the activities of the lag phase of a muscle twitch?

Answer 26

Both "a competitor molecule blocks the binding sites for ACh on the sarcolemma" and "calcium ions are not released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum" are correct.

Question 27

The characteristic that allows muscles to hae a slow, smooth sustained contraction is

Answer 27

recruitment of motor units

Question 28

As a result of extreme muscular fatigue, muscles can become incapable of relaxing or contracting, which is called--. Similarly,several hours after death ATP levels decline causing muscle rigidity known as-.

Answer 28

physiological contracture; rigor mortis

Question 29

Match each phase of a muscle twitch with the associated event.

Answer 29

Check ipad lol.

Question 30

In --, muscle fibers partially relax between contractions, and in ---, no relaxation occurs between contractions.

Answer 30

Incomplete tetanus; complete tetanus

Question 31

A single brief contraction of a muscle fiber in response to a stimulus is called a(n)--.

Answer 31

muscle twitch

Question 32

Slow-twitch muscle fibbers

Answer 32

have richer blood supply and contain more myoglobin than a fast-twitch fibers (type llb)

Question 33

Classify each o the following according to whether it belongs to the lag, contraction or relaxation phase of a muscle twitch

Answer 33

see ipad graph

Question 34

The hip is a ball-and-socket joint that allows for a multiaxial movements including flexion, extension abduction, and adduction, medial rotation, and lateral rotation. Place each thigh muscle into its proper action group.

Answer 34

see opad.

Question 35

The anterior muscles of the abdomen and upper thoracic region are easily identified. Place the muscle on the proper locatiom the image

Answer 35

see image on ipad

Question 36

Drag each label to the appropriate anatomical structure

Answer 36

see image on ipad, you're doing awesome

Question 37

The hip is a ball-and-socket joint that allows for multiaxial movements including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, and lateral rotation. Place each thigh muscle into proper action grouo

Answer 37

see ipad.

Question 38

When Oliver tries to blow out the candles on his birthday cake, is unsucessful. He has suffered damage to some of the muscles of his thorax. WHich ones are most likely affected?

Answer 38

internal intercostals

Question 39

The anterior forearm muscles

Answer 39

flex the wrist and fingers

Question 40

Match the muscle with its action. Labels for actions may be used more than once.

Answer 40

see image on ipad to study

Question 41

Drag each label to the appropriaate anatomical structure

Answer 41

See ipad pic.

Question 42

muscles for mastication (chewing) include the temporalis, masseter, and lateral and medial pterygoid. Label each of the two indicated muscles with the correct name (top box) as well as its action (bottom box)

Answer 42

see image on ipad

Question 43

Drag each label to the approproae anatomiccal structure

Answer 43

see image yk

Question 44

Which of the following muscles is/are involved in "puckering up" to kiss someone?

Answer 44

Both orbicularis oris and buccinator are required to "pucker up"

Question 45

Match the muscles of the thorax with the correct function(s).

Answer 45

Inspiration, and depresses the floor of the thorax: DIAPHRAGM Quiet inspiration and elevates the ribs: EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS Forced expiration and depresses the ribs: INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS Elevation of the first or second ribs: SCALENES

Question 46

There are multiple superficial and deep muscles that are involved in arm movement. Name the arm muscles indicated on the image

Answer 46

see image

Question 47

Muscles of mastication include

Answer 47

Both "the masseter" and "the temporalis" are correct

Question 48

Place each arm into its proper action group

Answer 48

see image on ipad

Question 49

Drag each label to the appropriate anatomical structure

Answer 49

see image on ipad

Question 50

Drag each label to the appropriate anatomical structure

Answer 50

see image on ipad