Chapter 1, 1-5

Question 1

Ἐν

Answer 1

Lemma: ἐν
Part of Speech: Preposition
Syntax: Governs the dative; indicates time or location
Definition: in, on, at

Question 2

ἀρχῇ

Answer 2

Lemma: ἡ ἀρχή, ἀρχῆς
Part of Speech: Noun
Parsing: Dative singular
Syntax: Object of preposition ἐν
Definition: beginning, origin, first cause, ruler

Question 3

ἦν

Answer 3

Lemma: εἰμί
Part of Speech: Verb
Parsing: Imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular
Principal Parts: εἰμί, ἔσομαι, —, —, —, —
Syntax: Main verb of the clause
Definition: he/she/it was; to be (ongoing past state)

Question 4

ὁ λόγος

Answer 4

Lemma: ὁ λόγος, λόγου
Part of Speech: Noun
Parsing: Nominative singular masculine
Syntax: Subject of ἦν
Definition: word, reason, message, principle

Question 5

πρὸς

Answer 5

Lemma: πρός
Part of Speech: Preposition
Syntax: Governs the accusative; indicates motion or relation toward
Definition: to, toward, with, in relation to

Question 6

τὸν θεόν

Answer 6

Lemma: ὁ θεός, θεοῦ
Part of Speech: Noun
Parsing: Accusative singular masculine
Syntax: Object of the preposition πρός
Definition: God, deity

Question 7

καὶ

Answer 7

Lemma: καί
Part of Speech: Conjunction
Syntax: Connects clauses or words of equal rank
Definition: and, also, even

Question 8

θεὸς

Answer 8

Lemma: ὁ θεός, θεοῦ
Part of Speech: Noun
Parsing: Nominative singular masculine
Syntax: Predicate nominative
Definition: God, deity

Question 9

ἦν

Answer 9

Lemma: εἰμί
Part of Speech: Verb
Parsing: Imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular
Principal Parts: εἰμί, ἔσομαι, —, —, —, —
Syntax: Main verb of the clause
Definition: he/she/it was; to be (ongoing past state)

Question 10

οὗτος

Answer 10

Lemma: οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο
Part of Speech: Demonstrative pronoun
Parsing: Nominative singular masculine
Syntax: Subject of ἦν
Definition: this one, this man, he

Question 11

ἦν

Answer 11

Lemma: εἰμί
Part of Speech: Verb
Parsing: Imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular
Principal Parts: εἰμί, ἔσομαι, —, —, —, —
Syntax: Main verb of the clause
Definition: he/she/it was; to be (ongoing past state)

Question 12

ἐν ἀρχῇ

Answer 12

Lemma: ἐν + ἡ ἀρχή, ἀρχῆς
Part of Speech: Prepositional phrase
Parsing: ἐν governs dative; ἀρχῇ = dative singular
Syntax: Temporal phrase
Definition: in the beginning

Question 13

πρὸς τὸν θεόν

Answer 13

Lemma: πρός + ὁ θεός, θεοῦ
Part of Speech: Prepositional phrase
Parsing: πρός governs accusative; τὸν θεόν = accusative singular
Syntax: Indicates relation
Definition: with God, toward God

Question 14

πάντα

Answer 14

Lemma: τὰ πάντα, πάντων
Part of Speech: Noun (neuter plural)
Parsing: Nominative/Accusative plural neuter
Syntax: Subject of ἐγένετο
Definition: all things, everything

Question 15

διʼ αὐτοῦ

Answer 15

Lemma: διά + αὐτός
Part of Speech: Prepositional phrase
Parsing: διά governs genitive; αὐτοῦ = genitive singular masculine/neuter
Syntax: Means/instrumental
Definition: through him

Question 16

ἐγένετο

Answer 16

Lemma: γίνομαι
Part of Speech: Verb
Parsing: Aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular
Principal Parts: γίνομαι, γενήσομαι, ἐγενόμην, γέγονα, γεγένημαι, ἐγενήθην
Syntax: Main verb
Definition: came into being, happened, became

Question 17

καὶ χωρὶς αὐτοῦ

Answer 17

Lemma: χωρίς + αὐτός
Part of Speech: Prepositional phrase
Parsing: χωρίς governs genitive; αὐτοῦ = genitive singular masculine
Syntax: Negative contrast
Definition: and apart from him

Question 18

ἐγένετο οὐδὲ ἕν

Answer 18

Lemma: γίνομαι + οὐδείς + εἷς
Part of Speech: Verb + pronoun + numeral
Parsing: ἐγένετο = Aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular; οὐδὲ ἕν = neuter nominative singular
Syntax: Emphatic negation
Definition: not even one thing came into being

Question 19

ὃ γέγονεν

Answer 19

Lemma: ὅς + γίνομαι
Part of Speech: Relative pronoun + verb
Parsing: ὃ = neuter nominative/accusative singular; γέγονεν = perfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular
Principal Parts: γίνομαι, γενήσομαι, ἐγενόμην, γέγονα, γεγένημαι, ἐγενήθην
Syntax: Relative clause modifying ἕν
Definition: which has come into being

Question 20

ἐν αὐτῷ

Answer 20

Lemma: ἐν + αὐτός
Part of Speech: Prepositional phrase
Parsing: ἐν governs dative; αὐτῷ = dative singular masculine/neuter
Syntax: Locative expression
Definition: in him

Question 21

ζωὴ ἦν

Answer 21

Lemma: ἡ ζωή, ζωῆς + εἰμί
Part of Speech: Noun + verb
Parsing: ζωή = nominative singular feminine; ἦν = imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular
Principal Parts: εἰμί, ἔσομαι, —, —, —, —
Syntax: Predicate nominative
Definition: was life

Question 22

ἡ ζωὴ

Answer 22

Lemma: ἡ ζωή, ζωῆς
Part of Speech: Noun
Parsing: Nominative singular feminine
Syntax: Subject of clause
Definition: the life

Question 23

ἦν τὸ φῶς τῶν ἀνθρώπων

Answer 23

Lemma: εἰμί + τό φῶς, φωτός + ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ἀνθρώπου
Part of Speech: Verb + noun phrase
Parsing: ἦν = imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular; τὸ φῶς = nominative singular neuter; τῶν ἀνθρώπων = genitive plural masculine
Principal Parts: εἰμί, ἔσομαι, —, —, —, —
Syntax: Predicate nominative
Definition: was the light of men