Chapter 1

Question 1

organization of people, institutions, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the
health needs of target populations.

Answer 1

health system, health care system or as healthcare system

Question 2

Primary intent of health system

Answer 2

promote, restore ot maintain health

Question 3

responsibilities of the regulatory authority

Answer 3

all products subject to its control conform to acceptable standards of quality, safety and efficacy

all premises and practices employed to manufacture, store and distribute these products comply with
requirements

Question 4

All of the field of pharmacy aims to

Answer 4

ensure optimum drug therapy

Question 5

REGULATORY CONTROL AND DRUG MANAGEMENT

Answer 5

Management, administration, educational policy, regulatory and enforcement agencies, professional registration authority, international agencies and professional bodies

Question 6

most accessible to the public.

Answer 6

Community pharmacist

Question 7

COMMUNITY PHARMACY

Answer 7

Processing of prescriptions, care of patients or clinical pharmacy, monitoring of drug utilization, extemporaneous preparation and small-scale manufacture of medicines, traditional and alternative medicines, responding to symptoms of minor ailments, informing health care professional and the public, health promotion

Question 8

HOSPITAL PHARMACY

Answer 8

…

Question 9

PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

Answer 9

Research and development, manufacture and quality assurance, drug information, patent applications and drug registration, clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance, sales and marketing, management

Question 10

a philosophy of practice in which the patient is the primary beneficiary of the pharmacist’s actions

Answer 10

Pharmaceutical care

Question 11

Initiate or modify drug/non drug therapies by:

Answer 11

independent action, collaborative action

Question 12

FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH CARE DELIVERY, THE RATIONAL USE OF

DRUGS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL CARE

Answer 12

Demography
Economic factors
Technology
Sociological factors
Political
Professional
Healthcare delivery

Question 13

refer to a specific group of social and economic factors within the broader determinants of health

Answer 13

Social determinants of health

Question 14

key members of the healthcare team.

Answer 14

Doctors, or physicians

Question 15

When patients need medical care, they first go to____

Answer 15

Primary care doctors

Question 16

Primary care doctors focus on ____

Answer 16

preventive healthcare

Question 17

diagnose and treat conditions that require a special area of knowledge.

Answer 17

Specialist

Question 18

work closely with patients.

Answer 18

nurses

Question 19

give patients medicines that are prescribed, or recommended, by a doctor.

Answer 19

pharmacists

Question 20

diagnose and treat problems with teeth and mouth, along with giving advice and
administering care to help prevent future problems.

Answer 20

Dentist

Question 21

have a technical role in diagnosing or treating disease

Answer 21

Technologists and technicians

Question 22

help providers diagnose and treat disease by analyzing

body fluids and cells

Answer 22

Laboratory Technologists

Question 23

help providers diagnose and treat disease by taking x-rays.

Answer 23

Radiology Technologists

Question 24

Radiology Technologists also called

Answer 24

radiographer

Question 25

help pharmacists prepare prescription medications.

Answer 25

Pharmacy technician

Question 26

Helps people recover from physical changes caused by a medical condition, chronic disease or injury.

Answer 26

THERAPISTS AND REHABILITATION SPECIALISTS

Question 27

help patients perform tasks needed for every-day living or working

Answer 27

Occupational Therapists

Question 28

help patients when they have an injury, disability or medical condition that limits their ability to move or function.

Answer 28

Physical Therapists (PT's)`

Question 29

treat and care for patients with breathing problems.

Answer 29

Respiratory Therapists

Question 30

Speech Therapists also called

Answer 30

speech-language pathologists.

Question 31

They work with patients who have problems related to speech, communication or swallowing.

Answer 31

Speech Therapists

Question 32

``` medical doctors (MD's) who diagnose and treat mental, emotional and behavioral disorders ```

Answer 32

Psychiatrists

Question 33

deal with mental processes, especially during times of stress.

Answer 33

Psychologists

Question 34

help patients and families cope with | emotional, physical and financial issues related to an illness.

Answer 34

Social workers

Question 35

provide patients with spiritual support.

Answer 35

clergy

Question 36

COMMON BARRIERS TO INTERPROFESSIONAL HEALTHCARE TEAM WORK

Answer 36

``` Organizational barriers Barriers at team levels Barriers faced by individual team members Barriers for independent providers Overcoming barriers ```

Question 37

engage in education, pharmaceutical practice, and research in schools of pharmacy.

Answer 37

Academic pharmacist

Question 38

is a component of pharmacy practice that entails the direct interaction of the pharmacist with the patient for the purpose of caring the patient's medication-related needs.

Answer 38

Pharmaceutical care

Question 39

Give situations that call for comprehensive pharmaceutical care.

Answer 39

- Patients who are particularly vulnerable to adverse effects because they are physiologically compromised - Patients with medical conditions that require ongoing evaluation and manipulation of drug therapy to achieve optimal results - Patients who are taking multiple medication - Patients requiring therapy with drugs that can be extremely toxic, especially if they are dosed, administered or used improperly - Patients whose acute illnesses can become life threatening if the prescribed medications are ineffective or used improperly

Question 40

pharmaceutical care for individual patients

Answer 40

- Obtain and maintain medication records and relevant health information, if they do not already exist - Identify, evaluate and assess - Prepare and supply medication for use - Set goals of therapy - Design and implement pharmaceutical care plan - Monitor for therapeutic outcomes and take appropriate follow up actions

Question 41

Challenges in pharmaceutical care

Answer 41

- As drug use is increasing, there is increased risk of drug related morbidity and mortality -The number of medicines on the market has increased dramatically over the last few decades - efforts to provide healthcare, including pharmaceutical care, are facing new challenges. - ensuring the rational use of medicines - concern over the increase in the global spread of antimicrobial resistance

Question 42

CHALLENGES TO PHARMACISTS

Answer 42

The role of the pharmacist needs to be redefined and reoriented ( pharmacists also have to make a vital contribution to patient care through managing drug therapy and concurrent non-prescription or alternative therapies.) - responsibilities to ensure that quality products are selected, procured, stored, distributed, dispensed and administered, wherever medicines are provided and used - patient centered care with all the cognitive functions

Question 43

An industrialized economy is composed of three principal sectors which are the

Answer 43

Extractive, manufacturing, service

Question 44

Services sector can be divided into five subgroups

Answer 44

1. business service 2. Trade services 3. Infrastructure services 4. Social, personal services 5. Public administration

Question 45

The ability to perform the promised service dependably and accurately

Answer 45

Reliability

Question 46

The willingness to help customers and provide prompt service

Answer 46

Responsiveness

Question 47

The knowledge and courtesy of employees and their ability to convey trust and confidence

Answer 47

assurance

Question 48

The caring, individualized attention provided to customers

Answer 48

Empathy

Question 49

The appearance of physical facilities, equipment, personnel, and communication materials.

Answer 49

Tangibles