Chapter 1

Question 1

large group of all possible scores that would be obtained if the behavior of every individ of interest in a particular situation could be measured

Answer 1

population

Question 2

all females

Answer 2

population

Question 3

small subset of a population intended to represent or stand for the population

Answer 3

sample

Question 4

anything that when measured can produce 2 or more different values

Answer 4

variable

Question 5

age, race, gender, intellegence

Answer 5

variable

Question 6

occurs when a change in scores on one variable is accompanied by a CONSISTENT change in the scores on another variable

Answer 6

relationship

Question 7

procedures which organize and summarize sample data

Answer 7

descriptive statistics

Question 8

are procedures for drawing inferences about scores and relationship that would be found in the population

Answer 8

inferential statistics

Question 9

a number describing an aspect of the scores in a sample

Answer 9

statistic

Question 10

use english letters

Answer 10

statistic

Question 11

number describing an aspect of the scores in the population

Answer 11

parameter

Question 12

use greek letters

Answer 12

parameter

Question 13

is the way the study is laid out

Answer 13

design

Question 14

researcher actively changes or manipulates one variable and then measures the participants scores on another variable to see if a relationship is produced

Answer 14

experiment

Question 15

is changed or manipulated by the experimenter

Answer 15

independent variable

Question 16

specific amount of the IV creating the specific situation under which participants are studied

Answer 16

condition

Question 17

variable measuring a behavior or attitude of participants we expect will be influenced by the IV

Answer 17

dependent variable

Question 18

the researcher measures participants scores on two variables and then determines whether a relationship is present

Answer 18

correlational study

Question 19

does not indicate an amount, rather used to categorize or classify individuals

Answer 19

nominal scale

Question 20

gender, ethnicity, political affiliation

Answer 20

nominal scale

Question 21

indicates rank order, but not score of zero and the same amount separating adjacent scores

Answer 21

ordinal scale

Question 22

letter grades, college classification

Answer 22

ordinal scale

Question 23

indicates an actual amount and equal amount separating adjacent scores but no true zero

Answer 23

interval scale

Question 24

measures an actual quantity, equal amount separating adjacent scores and zero truly means none of the variable is present

Answer 24

ratio scale

Question 25

age, weight, volume, income

Answer 25

ratio scale

Question 26

allows for fractional amounts and decimals make sense

Answer 26

continuous scale

Question 27

only fixed amounts can be measured, not broken into smaller amounts

Answer 27

discrete scale

Question 28

money is on a _____ scale

Answer 28

continuous

Question 29

number of children is a _____ scale

Answer 29

discrete