Chapter 1: 1.1 Gases Flashcards
Units
What is pressure measured in?
Pascal (Pa)
= Force per Area = N m^-2
Define:
1 bar
10^5 Pa or 100 kPa
Define:
1 atmosphere (atm)
101.325 kPa
What are the three states of matter studied in chemistry?
Solids
Liquids
Gases
What is a characteristic of a substance in a solid state?
Atoms, molecules, or ions are locked into a fixed position relative to others in the substance
Give examples of:
Extremely strong and extremely weak forces that hold a solid lattice structure
- Extremely strong: Ionic solids
- Extremely weak: Inert gases
Determine:
The relationship between interactions and the melting point of the solid
Stronger interaction = higher melting point
What is required for gases to behave ideally?
- Pressure is not too high
- Temperature is not too low (close to condensation temperature)
What is approximated in ideal gases?
- Particles have no volume
- Particles experience no attractive forces
State:
Boyle’s Law
State constants
For a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the gas volume is inversely proportional to the gas pressure
Amount of gas (n) and Temperature (T)
State the formula and relationship for:
Boyle’s Law
P1V1 = P2V2
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume
State:
Charles’ Law
State constants
The volume of a fixed amount of gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the Kelvin (absolute temperature)
Amount of gas (n) and Pressure (P)
State the formula and relationship for:
Charles’ Law
V1/T1 = V2/T2
Temperature is directly proportional to volume
State the formula for:
The Combined Gas Law
State constants
(P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2)/T2
Amount of gas (n)
State:
Avogadro’s Law
State constants
Equal volumes of different gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain equal numbers of molecules
Temperature (T) and Pressure (P)
