Chapter 1 Flashcards
(51 cards)
Observation
anything detected with the senses, which include sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste.
A stone dropped from an altitude of 450 m falls to the ground in 9.6 s is an example of?
Observation
Hypothesis
an attempt to explain observations
Experiment
a controlled observation to test a hypothesis , theory, or scientific law
Law
broadly applicable generalization, a summary formulated after a series of related observations or measurements or statement that summarizes the relationship between variables
A body in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a force is an example of what?
A scientific law
Theory
an overarching model of reality, based on hypotheses that have been confirmed by experiments
What tells what happens and provides patterns from an experiment/observation
A law
What attempts to explain what happened
theory
Scientists after many experiments explains how the temp of gas depends on its molecules is an example of what
A theory
Name the properties of a solid
- vibration
- closest together
- not compressible
- fixed volume
- fixed shape
Name the properties of a liquid
- vibration and some particle rotation and translation
- father than solid particles, closer than gas particles
- not compressible
- fixed volume
- variable shape depending on container
Name the properties of gas
- vibration and much rotation and translation of particles
- farthest apart particle spacing
- compressible
- variable volume (depends on container)
- variable shape (depends on the container)
Pure substance
o Constant properties and composition
o Can be elements or compounds
Elements
o Composed of only 1 type of atom o Cannot be further broken down o Found on periodic table o Smallest particle is an atom o Example: Mg for Magnesium
Compounds
o Consist of more than one element
o Can be broken down by chemical changes
o Smallest unit of a compound is a molecule
o Ex: Water (H2O), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Glucose (C6H12O6)
Molecules
o Two or more atoms of the same element
o Ex: Hydrogen (H2), Oxygen (O2)
Heterogeneous mixture
o Non-uniform mixture that is composed of more than one pure substance
o You can see the different parts and varies from point to point
Homogeneous mixture
o Uniform throughout mixtures that are composed of more than one pure substance
o Also called a solution
o Ex: sports drink, air, maple syrup, gasoline, solution of salt water
Base unit of length
meter (m)
Base unit of mass
Kilogram (kg)
Base unit of temperature
Kelvin (K)
Base unit of amount of substance
mole (mol)
1 megagram is
1,000,000 grams
