Chapter 1

Question 1

Public Health

Answer 1

broad field of practice

-backbone of infrastructure supporting the health of a country, state, province, city, town, or community

Question 2

Population health

Answer 2

important set of analytical strategies + approaches first used in public health to describe, analyze, and mobilize efforts to improve health in community-based populations

-now being used in initiatives to improve outcomes of clinical populations

Question 3

Public Health Nursing

Answer 3

variety of settings to be engaged in community-based population focused efforts to improve the health of populations

Question 4

Public Health

definition

Answer 4

what we, as a society, do collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy

Question 5

Assessment

Answer 5

1 systematically collecting data on the population,
2monitoring the population’s health status,
3making information available about the health of the community.

Question 6

Policy development

Answer 6

developing policies that support the health of the population,

-inc the use of the scientific knowledge base in making decisions about policy.

Question 7

Assurance

Answer 7

• role of public health in ensuring that essential community-oriented health services are available,
• making sure that a competent public health and personal health care workforce is available.

Question 8

Fielding on assurance

Answer 8

made the case that assurance also should mean that public health officials should be involved in developing and monitoring the quality of services provided.

Question 9

essential services of PH

Answer 9

1 monitor health stat to ID problems in cmnty
2 dx + investigate health problems + hazards in cmnty
3 inform, edu, + empower
4 mobilize cmnty partnershp to ID + solv problms
5 dvlp policies + plans
6 enforce laws + regltns
7 link ppl w needed health services
8 ensure competent PH
9 eval effctvnss, accsblty, + qlty of PH
10 research for new insights + innovatn soln

Question 10

Assessment services of PH

Answer 10

1 monitor health stat to ID problems in cmnty

2 dx + investigate health problems + hazards in cmnty

Question 11

Policy Development services of PH

Answer 11

3 inform, edu, + empower
4 mobilize cmnty partnershp to ID + solv problms
5 dvlp policies + plans
6 enforce laws + regltns

Question 12

Assurance services of PH

Answer 12

7 link ppl w needed health services
8 ensure competent PH
9 eval effctvnss, accsblty, + qlty of PH
10 research for new insights + innovatn soln

Question 13

Health Services Pyramid

top to bottom

Answer 13

1 tertiary health care
2 secondary
3 primary
4 clinical preventative services
5 population-based health care services

Question 14

Health Services Pyramid is the foundation for…

Answer 14

clinical preventive services.

Question 15

Primary Health Care

Answer 15

both primary care and public health services that are designed to meet the basic needs of people in communities at an affordable cost.

Question 16

Secondary Health Care

Answer 16

services designed to detect and treat disease in the early acute stage.

Question 17

Tertiary Health Care

Answer 17

services designed to limit the progression of disease or disability.

Question 18

Population Health Care Services

Answer 18

out in the communities to ID health disparities + link to right services

Question 19

Primary Prevention

Answer 19

actions BEFORE disease occurs

• education
• legislation

Question 20

Secondary Prevention

Answer 20

early tx or tx of EXISTING problems

-screenings

Question 21

Tertiary Prevention

Answer 21

returns clients w highest level of functioning FOLLOWING ONSET of illness

• rehab service
• OT
• PT
• speech therapy
• *already diagnosed

Question 22

Primary Prevention

public health nurse actions example

Answer 22

PH nurse develops health education program for population

-teaches about the effect of smoking

Question 23

Secondary Prevention

public health nurse actions example

Answer 23

PH nurse develops a program for toxin screenings for migrant workers who may be exposed to pesticides
-refers for tx to those tested positive

Question 24

Tertiary Prevention

public health nurse actions example

Answer 24

PH nurse provides a diabetes clinic for a defined adult popultn in low income housing unit of community

Question 25

population health | original definition

Answer 25

the health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes with the group

Question 26

population DEFINITION

Answer 26

a collection of individuals who share one or more personal or environmental characteristics. Members of a community who can be defined in terms of geography (e.g., a county, a group of counties, or a state) or in terms of a special interest or circumstance (e.g., children attending a particular school) can be seen as constituting a population.

Question 27

population health | proposed definition

Answer 27

health status of a defined population of individuals, including the distribution of health status within the group

Question 28

PH nursing

Answer 28

A specialty practice within nursing and public health. | -Often used interchangeably with community health nursing

Question 29

PH nursing is focused on...

Answer 29

improving POPULATN HEALTH by emphasizing prevention and attending to multiple determinants of health. -Includes advocacy, policy development, and planning, which addresses issues of social justice

Question 30

types of PH nursing

Answer 30

- population focused - community oriented - health + prevention focused - interventions at the community + population level - concerns for health of all members of population/community but particularly vulnerable populations

Question 31

population focused PH nursing

Answer 31

Emphasizes health protection, health promotion, and disease prevention of a population ex: Look at all children in the Head Start preschool program to evaluate if the program is achieving its goals

Question 32

Individual, family, and group focused nursing

Answer 32

Focus is on providing services to individuals rather than a population, while maintaining an appreciation for the values of the community Ex: Developmental screening tests of children in the Head Start preschool program to evaluate each child

Question 33

Community-oriented nursing focuses on....

Answer 33

either on the community (population-focused) or on individuals, families, and groups. **any nurse that works outside of the hospital

Question 34

populatin aka

Answer 34

aggregate

Question 35

subpopulation DEFINITION

Answer 35

subsets of the population who share similar characteristics ex) people older than 65 years who live in a residential home would be a subpopulation of a larger population of older persons in the community.

Question 36

larger populations often have ___ or ____ within

Answer 36

subpopulations or high risk groups within

Question 37

In population-focused community-based practice, problems are defined by...

Answer 37

assessments or diagnoses), and solutions (interventions), such as policy development or providing a particular preventive service, are implemented for or with a defined population or subpopulation (examples are provided in the Levels of Prevention Box). In other nursing specialties, the diagnoses, interventions, and treatments are usually carried out at the individual client level.

Question 38

Community BASED nursing

Answer 38

Goal: manage acute and chronic conditions -setting specific, provides direct nursing care Practice focus is on “illness care” of individuals and families across the life span Provide acute and chronic illness care and the provision of comprehensive, coordinated, and continuous care A setting-specific practice, care is provided where people live, work, and attend school

Question 39

Community ORIENTED nursing

Answer 39

Goal: prevent disease and disability; promote, protect, and maintain health Practice focus is on “health care” of individuals, families, and groups in community Provide health care to promote quality of life Community diagnosis, health surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation of community and population