Chapter 1 Flashcards
(33 cards)
Self-regulation
Involves altering pattern of thinking
Self monitor process
the hot system
is responsible for quick emotional response to unconditional and conditional triggers
Quick-based on feelings-stimulus control-develops early in life-accentuated by stress.
the cool system
designed for complex representation and thought
It is without emotion
Slow-devoid of emotion-self control-develops later in life-attenuated by stress.
approach behavior
people do things because of something they want, desire, or need
Sometimes it’s a specific goal object (sandwich) sometimes it’s not (independence)
avoidant behavior
fear, anxious, survival is threatened and may not always be a specific goal object
Gray
- suggested that people have 2 nervous systems: approach system & avoidance system
- there is a biological basis for both and we can inherit different amounts from each system
Sensory input to the brain
two distinct routes-one route travels to the part of the brain that handles threat, and the other that deals with rational analysis.
System that analyzes threat
The part of the brain that deals with survival and gets the message first, so initial reaction is often emotional
is very crude and can sometimes be wrong, so it will shut down the emotional system
Motivation theorist
for every behavior there’s a cause
approach behavior
- want, desire, need
- often conceptualized in terms of specific goal
object - sometimes it doesn’t immediately give rise to a specific object
avoidant behavior
can be of a specific goal object
anxiety (avoidant behavior)
may not elicit a specific goal object, instead they experience a generalized sense of dread
contemporary motivation theorist
An attempt to adapt
What arouses and energizes behavior
What governs the direction of our behavior
goal theory- what makes you want to go on
e.g. eating- restraint, entertainment, survival
contemporary theories cont’d
Understanding persistence
What role does persistence play in success
e.g. no pain no gain, intrinsic motivation, optimism or hope
Role of feelings
- Affect
- caused by chemical reactions
- monitor them to guide our actions
- tell us how we are adapting
- closely linked to survival
Affect theories
people approach things to experience a + affect, avoid things that cause - affect.
individual differences
- Evolutionary Psychologist- biology and genes
- Gender
- Learning, cognition, and culture
Evolutionary psychologist
interested in why people behave the way they do
Do humans have will
- Create your own destiny/Volition
- Create a “new” your
- construct a world of success and achievement
- Self-regulation of behavior
volition
there are few-if any- limits of what we can do and what we can become through self regulation
Instinct theories
- Freud’s libido goal object, learning, and cognition
- Innate or biological basis for adaptive behavior, instincts that emerge from hardwiring of the brain.
Maslow
Humanistic theorist- humans are basically good and have an innate tendency to grow
Rogers
- One basic tendency -to actualize, maintain and enhance the experiencing self
- need for positive regard
- listen to your inner voices and not the social voice
