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CHAPTER 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

a group of two or more interrelated components or subsystems that serve a common purpose

A

system

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2
Q

A system must contain more than one part.

A

MULTIPLE COMPONENTS

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3
Q

A common purpose relates the multiple parts of the system

A

RELATEDNESS

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4
Q

. The distinction between the terms system and subsystem is a matter of perspective.

A

SYSTEM VERSUS SUBSYSTEM

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5
Q

A system must serve at least one purpose, but it may serve several.

A

PURPOSE

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6
Q

the process of dividing the system into smaller subsystem parts.

A

Decomposition

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7
Q

A system’s ability to achieve its goal depends on the effective functioning and harmonious interaction of its subsystems

A

SUBSYSTEM INTERDEPENDENCY

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8
Q

the set of formal procedures by which data are collected, processed into information, and distributed to users.

A

information system

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9
Q

the set of formal procedures by which data are collected, processed into information, and distributed to users.

A

information system

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10
Q

an event that affects or is of interest to the organization and is processed by its information system as a unit of work

A

transaction

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11
Q

an economic event that affects the assets and equities of the organization,
is reflected in its accounts, and is measured in monetary terms.

A

financial transaction

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12
Q

events that do not meet the narrow definition of a financial transaction

A

Nonfinancial transactions

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13
Q

supports daily business operations with numerous reports, documents, and messages for users throughout the organization

A

transaction processing system (TPS)

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14
Q

produces the traditional financial statements, such as the income statement, balance sheet, statement of cash flows, tax returns, and other reports required by law

A

general ledger/financial reporting system (GL/FRS)

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15
Q

provides internal management with special-purpose financial reports and information needed for decision
making such as budgets, variance reports, and responsibility reports.

A

management reporting system (MRS),

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16
Q

processes nonfinancial transactions that are not normally processed by
traditional AIS.

A

management information system (MIS)

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17
Q

facts, which may or may
not be processed (edited, summarized, or refined) and have no direct effect on the user.

A

Data

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18
Q

causes the user to take an action that he or she otherwise could not, or would not, have taken.

A

information

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19
Q

financial transactions that enter the information system from both internal and external sources.

A

Data sources

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20
Q

the first operational stage in the information system

A

Data collection

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21
Q

Once collected, data usually require processing to produce information.

A

Data Processing

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22
Q

physical repository for financial and nonfinancial data

A

database

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23
Q

the most elemental piece of potentially useful data in the database

A

data attribute

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24
Q

a complete set of attributes for a single occurrence within an entity class.

A

record

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25
a complete set of records of an identical class.
file
26
the process of compiling, arranging, formatting, and presenting information to users.
Information generation
27
The contents of a report or document must serve a purpose.
RELEVANCE
28
The age of information is a critical factor in determining its usefulness
TIMELINESS
29
Information must be free from material errors
ACCURACY
30
No piece of information essential to a decision or task should be missing
COMPLETENESS
31
Information should be aggregated in accordance with the user’s needs
SUMMARIZATION
32
a form of output that is sent back to the system as a source of data
Feedback
33
completely finished and tested systems that are ready for implementation
Turnkey systems
34
consist of a basic system structure on which to build.
Backbone systems
35
are custom (or customized) systems that client organizations purchase commercially rather than develop in-house.
Vendor-supported systems
36
Business organizations consist of functional units or
segments.
37
to plan and control the materials inventory of the company.
Materials Management
38
responsible for ordering inventory from vendors when inventory levels fall to their reorder points.
Purchasing
39
the task of accepting the inventory previously ordered by purchasing
Receiving
40
takes physical custody of the inventory received and releases these resources into the production process as needed.
Stores
41
occur in the conversion cycle in which raw materials, labor, and plant assets are used to create finished products
Production activities
42
involves scheduling the flow of materials, labor, and machinery to efficiently meet production needs.
Production planning
43
monitors the manufacturing process at various points to ensure that the finished products meet the firm’s quality standards
Quality control
44
keeps the firm’s machinery and other manufacturing facilities in running order
Maintenance
45
deals with the strategic problems of product promotion, advertising, and market research.
marketing function
46
the activity of getting the product to the customer after the sale
Distribution
47
to effectively manage this resource
Personnel
48
manages the financial resources of the firm through banking and treasury activities, portfolio management, credit evaluation, cash disbursements, and cash receipts
Finance
49
The value of information to a user is determined by its
reliability
50
all data processing is performed by one or more large computers housed at a central site that serve users throughout the organization
Centralized Data Processing
51
Centrally organized companies maintain their data resources in a central location that is shared by all end users.
DATABASE ADMINISTRATION.
52
manages the computer resources used to perform the day-to-day processing of transactions
DATA PROCESSING
53
responsible for analyzing user needs and for designing new systems to satisfy those needs.
SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE
53
responsible for analyzing user needs and for designing new systems to satisfy those needs.
SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE
54
include systems analysts, database designers, and programmers who design and build the system.
Systems professionals
55
those for whom the system is built.
End users
56
individuals inside or outside the firm who have an interest in the system but are not end users
Stakeholders
57
involves reorganizing the IT function into small information processing units (IPUs) that are distributed to end users and placed under their control.
distributed data processing (DDP).
58
the oldest and most traditional form of accounting systems
manual process model
59
describes an environment in which individual data files are not related to other files.
flat-file model
60
An efficient information system captures and stores data only once and makes this single source available to all users who need it.
Data Storage
61
Organizations have a great deal of data stored in files that require periodic updating to reflect changes.
Data Updating
62
In contrast to the problem of performing multiple updates is the problem of failing to update all the user files affected by a change in status
Currency of Information
63
The user’s information set is constrained by the data that he or she possesses and controls.
Task-Data Dependency
64
a special software system that is programmed to know which data elements each user is authorized to access.
database management system (DBMS)
65
means that the organization’s information systems applications (its programs) function independently of each other rather than as an integrated whole.
traditional
66
an accounting framework for modeling an organization’s critical resources, events, and agents and the relationships between them
REA
67
the assets of the organization
resources
68
phenomena that affect changes in resources
events
69
are individuals and departments that participate in an economic event.
agents
70
an information system model that enables an organization to automate and integrate its key business processes
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
71
involves specifying the criteria for identifying delinquent customers and the information that needs to be reported
conceptual system
72
accountants must provide a clear picture of their needs to the professionals who design their systems.
ACCOUNTANTS AS USERS
73
An appreciation of the accountant’s responsibility for system design requires a historic perspective that predates the computer as a business information tool.
ACCOUNTANTS AS SYSTEM DESIGNERS
74
the medium and method for capturing and presenting the information
physical system
75
a form of independent attestation performed by an expert who expresses an opinion about the fairness of a company’s financial statements
Auditing
76
are professional services, including the attest function, that are designed to improve the quality of information, both financial and nonfinancial, used by decision makers
Assurance services
77
is usually performed as part of a broader financial audit.
IT auditing
78
an appraisal function housed within the organization
Internal auditing

AIS (5 decks)

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