chapter 1 Flashcards
1
Q
body planes
A
three sections the body can be divided into
2
Q
coronal
A
vertical line front and back
3
Q
saggital
A
separates right and left
4
Q
transverse
A
separates horizantally
5
Q
ventral
A
front of body
6
Q
dorsal
A
back of body
7
Q
anterior
A
front of body
8
Q
posterior
A
back of body
9
Q
superior
A
located closer to head
10
Q
inferior
A
closer to soles of feet
11
Q
medial
A
near center
12
Q
lateral
A
closer to side
13
Q
proximal
A
closer to the point of origin
14
Q
distal
A
further from point of origin
15
Q
caudal
A
closer to tail
16
Q
caphalic
A
closer to head
17
Q
dorsal cavities
A
cranial and spinal
18
Q
cranial
A
protects brain
19
Q
spinal
A
protects spine
20
Q
ventral cavities
A
thoracic, abdominal, pelvic
21
Q
thoracic
A
heart, lungs, esophagus, major chest blood vessels
22
Q
abdominal
A
gallbladder, stomach, liver, spleen, parts of large intestine, pancreas
23
Q
pelvic
A
urethra, urinary bladder, parts of large intestine, reproductive organs
24
Q
RUQ
A
right upper quadrant
25
RLQ
right lower quadrant
26
LLQ
left lower quadrant
27
LUQ
left upper quadrant
28
integumentary
skin and hair; serves as protection, obtains vitamin D, nerves for pain receptors
29
digestive
taking in food, breaking down and obtaining nutrients and removing solid waste
30
lymphatic
immune system; protects from disease and ensures proper blood: lymphatic fluid ratio
31
muscular
allows voluntary and involuntary movement and controls body heat
32
skeletal
produces red and white blood cells, structure and support, holds calcium, protects organs
33
cardiovascular
pumps blood containing nutrients and oxygen, carries waste like carbon dioxide to the lungs and other waste to kidneys to exit body
34
respiratory
transports O2 through blood to organs and exerts carbon dioxide through lungs; filters pollutants and microorganisms from respiratory track; balances Ph
35
Urinary
filters blood, maintains fluid balance and electrolyte levels
36
nervous
transmits messages about sensual stimuli to brain and other parts of the body
37
reproductive
allows humans to produce offspring
38
RUQ
Right upper quadrant
39
RLQ
right lower quadrant
40
LUQ
left upper quadrant
41
LLQ
left lower quadrant
42
center region
umbilical region
43
middle upper
epigastric region
44
middle lower
hypogastric region
45
left center
right lumbar region
46
right center
left lumbar region
47
right bottom
left iliac region
48
left bottom
right iliac region
49
left upper
right hypochondriac region
50
right upper
left hypochondriac region
51
fowler's position
laying horizontal, head up; comfort and rest
52
erect position
standing; chest x-rays, assessments for neurological deficit, and sudden heart rate rise upon standing
53
knee-chest position
knees at 90 degrees, back forming slope down to head; rectal and pelvic exams
54
lateral position
laing on left side of body; recovery position, during labor, and to prevent aspiration while vomiting
55
prone position
laying face down; breast cancer treatment, bed sore care, children's sleeping position
56
sims position
face down with right arm and leg at 90 degrees; rectal exam
57
supine position
flat on back;CT (computer tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans, x rays
58
acute
has rapid onset, can be severe, short timeframe
59
autoimmune
when immune system produces antibodies against tissue
60
benign
nonrecurring, used to describe cancers where patient has good chance of survival
61
chronic
long duration, slow progress
62
congenital
condition presented at birth
63
convalescence
period of recovery after illness/injury
64
debilitating
weakening or fatiguing
65
endemic
ongoing disease restricted to certain population or area of land
66
endogenous
condition originating within the body
67
epidemic
sudden outbreak of disease among population or area of land
68
exogenous
condition resulting outside the body
69
genetic
inherited
70
hypersensitivity
immune system has sensitivity to antigen and either is harmful or perceived as harmful (allergy)
71
iatrogenic
infection or disease arising after surgical or medical intervention
72
immunological
reaction between antigen and antibody, protein body makes in response to antigen
73
infectious
capable of causing infection
74
inflammatory
marked by inflammation or caused by inflamation
75
ischemic
condition or disease caused by temporary lack of blood flow to organ or tissue
76
malignant
cancers that tend to spread, get progressively worse, and can be life threatening
77
metabolic
disorder that interferes with normal metabolism
78
neoplastic
new abnormal growth that may become cancerous or not
79
nosocomial
disease acquired within hospital setting that wasn't present upon entry
80
nutritional
related to the chemical process in the body that occur after ingesting food
81
syndrome
set of signs or symptoms that occur together as part of disease process
82
oppurtunistic
pathogen that doesn't cause infection unless immune system is at weakened state
83
terminal
a disease to which there are treatments but no cure; fatal
84
idiopathic
a disease that has an unknown etiology
85
inspection
observation of one or more areas of the body
86
auscultation
the use of a stethescope to listen to sounds within the body cavities
87
signs
objective observations by healthcare provider
88
symptoms
patient's awareness to abnormalities or discomfort
89
palpation
application of light to firm pressure on skin above internal organs or structures to detect abnormalities
90
percussion
tapping areas on the surface or body to produce vibration and indicate size, or matter filled with (liquid or gas)
91
olfaction
use of sense of smell to detect abnormalities
92
observation
looking at patient and asking questions to gather data
93
manifestation
the way disease shows itself, includes signs and symptoms
94
diagnosis
identification of health condition
95
prognosis
made after diagnosis, probable cause, forecast, and outcome
96
AAF
african american female
97
abd
abdomen
98
CBC
complete blood cell cound
98
c/o
complains of
99
consult
consultation
100
CT
computerized tomography
101
CXR
chest x-ray
102
ECG, EKG
electrocardigram
103
hs
half strength; bed time
103
ER
emergency room
104
ht
height
104
NKDA
no known drug allergies
105
NPO
nothing by mouth
106
OB/GYN
obstetrician/gynecologist
107
preop
before surgery
108
OR
operating room
109
postop
after surgery
110
pro. time
prothrombin time
111
PTT
partial thromboplastin time
111
pt.
patient
112
SOB
shortness of breath
113
stat
immediately
113
T&C
type and crossmatch
114
UA
urinalysis
115
VS
vital signs
116
WNL
within normal limits
117
wt
weight
118
y/o
years old
119
anter-
front
120
anthr
joint
121
infer
below
122
log
study
123
medi
middle
124
poster
back of body
125
sarc
flesh
126
super
above
127
ventr
belly side of body
128
viscer
internal organs
129
brady
slow
130
endo-
within
131
sub
below
132
-ac
pertaining to
133
-ary
pertaining to
134
-al
pertaining to
135
-ar
pertaining to
136
-iac
pertaining to
137
-ial
pertaining to
138
-ic
pertaining to
138
-ical
pertaining to
139
-ior
pertaining to
140
-ectomy
surgical removal
140
-emia
blood condition
141
-gen
substance that produces
141
-ia
condition
142
-ine
a substance pertaining to
143
-itis
inflammation
144
-megaly
enlargement
145
-plasty
surgical repair
146
-tomy
process of cutting
147
-stomy
surgical opening
148
-um
structure
148
what organs are in the RUQ
right lobe of liver, gallbladder, parts of pancreas, portions of small and large intestine
149
what organs are in the LUQ
left lobe of liver, parts of pancreas, stomach, spleen, parts of small and large intestines
150
organs in RLQ
parts of small and large intestines, right ureter, right fallopian tube, right ovary, right side of uterus, right side of male reproductive organs, right side of bladder
150
organs in LLQ
parts of large and small intestines, left ureter, left fallopian tube, left side or uterus, left ovary, left side of male reproductive organs, left side of bladder
151
mitosis
process of cell division
152
meiosis
reproduction by sex cells
