Chapter 1

Question 1

is the study of the chemical substances found in living organisms and the
chemical interactions of these substances with each other.

Answer 1

Biochemistry

Question 2

Characteristics of living things

Answer 2

Different levels of organization
Made up of cells
Responds to the environment
Grow and develop
Obtain and uses energy
Reproduce

Question 3

is the study of the three‐dimensional structure of molecules

Answer 3

Stereochemistry

Question 4

Types of isomers

Answer 4

Stereoisomer
Constitutional isomers

Question 5

Types of stereoisomer

Answer 5

Achiral
Chiral

Question 6

Types of chiral

Answer 6

Enantiomers
Diastereomers

Question 7

Have the same molecular formula but different connectivity

Answer 7

Constitutional isomers

Question 8

A _____ object is one that cannot be superposed on its mirror image

Answer 8

Chiral

Question 9

Are stereoisomer whose molecules are nonsuperposable mirror images of each other

Answer 9

Enantiomers

Question 10

Are stereoisomer whose molecules are not mirror images of each other

Answer 10

Diastereomers

Question 11

An _____ is superposable on its mirror images

Answer 11

Achiral molecule

Question 12

3 broad categories of living cells

Answer 12

Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya

Question 13

are single-celled organisms that lack
nuclei and other organelles; the word is derived from pro meaning
“prior to” and karyot meaning “nucleus

Answer 13

Prokaryotes

Question 14

referred to collectively as prokaryotes.

Answer 14

Bacteria
Archaea

Question 15

the single-celled Protists,
such as amoebae, and all multicellular life forms, including the
Fungi, Plant, and Animal kingdoms

Answer 15

Eukarya

Question 16

are the result of induced electrical interactions between closely
approaching atoms or molecules as their negatively charged electron clouds fluctuate
instantaneously in time

Answer 16

Van der Waals interactions

Question 17

are formed between
a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to
an electronegative atom (such as oxygen
or nitrogen) and a second
electronegative atom that serves as the
hydrogen bond acceptor

Answer 17

Hydrogen bond

Question 18

are the result of
attractive forces between oppositely
charged structures, such as negative
carboxyl groups and positive amino
groups

Answer 18

Ionic interaction

Question 19

result from the strong tendency of water to exclude
nonpolar groups or molecules

Answer 19

Hydrophobic interaction

Question 20

A single molecule may have both polar (hydrophilic) and nonpolar
(hydrophobic) portions. Substances of this type are called

Answer 20

Amphipatic