Chapter 1

Question 1

What does Biology mean?

Answer 1

The study of living things

Question 2

What does ‘bios’ and ‘logy’ mean?

Answer 2

bios means life. Logy means ‘science of’ or ‘study of’

Question 3

What are organisms?

Answer 3

Organisms are living things

Question 4

What are habitats?

Answer 4

Habitats are regions where particular organisms normally live.

Question 5

What is botany?

Answer 5

Botany is the study of plants

Question 6

What is the study of animals?

Answer 6

zoology

Question 7

What is the study of the physical structure?

Answer 7

Human anatomy and physiology is the study of physical structure.

Question 8

Two thirds of the food we eat comes from what?

Answer 8

Plants

Question 9

One third of the food we eat comes from what?

Answer 9

Animals

Question 10

Most plants of what kind produce fruits and seeds?

Answer 10

Most plants with flowers produce fruits and seeds.

Question 11

Land plants are known as what?

Answer 11

trees, shrubs, herbs, or vines

Question 12

What is a woody plant?

Answer 12

A plant that lives several years and produces a single tall woody stem.

Question 13

Nonwoody plants are referred to as?

Answer 13

herbaceous plants…or herbs

Question 14

What is a taproot system?

Answer 14

A large primary root that goes down into the ground, with only a couple roots branching off of it.

Question 15

What is a fibrous root system?

Answer 15

Primary root remains small while a lot of roots branch off to form a mass.

Question 16

About half of the plants known to man are called what?

Answer 16

angiosperms

Question 17

One of the largest families of angiosperms which contains the disk and ray family is known as what?

Answer 17

composite family (includes sunflowers, dandelion, black eyed susan…etc.)

Question 18

What are the marks of a mint plant.

Answer 18

they have a square stem, and are often very aromatic

Question 19

What is the mark of a parsley family

Answer 19

They are very complex in design. Some poisonous plants in this family is water hemlock and poison hemlock.

Question 20

What is the mark of a rose family

Answer 20

open, five-petal design. (includes blackberries, raspberries, apple, almond, etc)

Question 21

The pea family is known as?

Answer 21

ONe of the largest families of flowering plants

Question 22

Many of our veggies come from the leaves stems or roots of plants in what family?

Answer 22

The mustard family

Question 23

Many of the nightshade plants are what?

Answer 23

poisonous

Question 24

The cashew family includes what 3 common plants.

Answer 24

poison ivy, poison sumac, poison oak

Question 25

members of the pea family are also known as

Answer 25

legumes

Question 26

What provides nitrates to the soil from decomposing plants and animals?

Answer 26

Nitrifying bacteria

Question 27

The movement of nitrogen from the air in to the soil and back into the air is called what?

Answer 27

The nitrogen cycle.

Question 28

Grasses can also be called what?

Answer 28

Graminoids

Question 29

What are among the most important groups of flowering seed plants?

Answer 29

Grasses or Graminoids

Question 30

The three most important cereal crops are?

Answer 30

wheat, corn, rice

Question 31

what type of root system does grass plant have?

Answer 31

fibrous

Question 32

What are perennials?

Answer 32

a plant that lives hundreds or even thousands of years!!

Question 33

What trees have broad flat leaves?

Answer 33

broadleaf trees

Question 34

What do nearly all broadleaf trees have?

Answer 34

Nearly all broadleaf trees are flowering seed plants or angiosperms.

Question 35

Are angiosperms dicots or monocots?

Answer 35

They are dicots

Question 36

Most trees in temperate regions are what?

Answer 36

deciduous

Question 37

the leaves of a tree form its bushy head called what?

Answer 37

crown

Question 38

What trees have a wide-spreading crown?

Answer 38

Oaks

Question 39

What trees have a vaselike crown, and which trees have a tall and narrow crown?

Answer 39

The first is Elms, and the tall narrow crown is poplars

Question 40

What tree can be identified by the unusual appearance of it's bark?

Answer 40

paper birch

Question 41

Flowers on trees that appear long and tassle like clusters are called?

Answer 41

catkins

Question 42

A system is what?

Answer 42

A group of structure designed to function together as a unit to perform a particular job for an organism.

Question 43

A typical flowering plant has just two systems..what systems?

Answer 43

The root system, and the shoot system.

Question 44

Which is above ground the root system or the shoot system?

Answer 44

The shoot system is above ground, it holds up leaves to the sun.

Question 45

What does the root system do?

Answer 45

It is underground and stores food and anchors the plant.

Question 46

Each root, stem, leaf and flower of a plant may be considered as a what?

Answer 46

Organ

Question 47

When you observe plants you will find three basic leaf shapes. Which leaf shapes will you find?

Answer 47

Broad and flat, long and narrow, needlelike or scalelike

Question 48

What is the blade?

Answer 48

the flat, green portion of the leaf

Question 49

What is the petiole

Answer 49

the leafstalk.

Question 50

What are stipules?

Answer 50

small leaflike or scalelike structures that help to cover the leaf when it was developing.

Question 51

Leaves which do not have a petiole are called?

Answer 51

sessiles

Question 52

What is the diff. between simple leaves and compound leaves?

Answer 52

Simple leaves have one blade on every petiole, compound leaves have more than one blade on every petiole.

Question 53

Each small blade on a compound leaf is referred to as a?

Answer 53

leaflet

Question 54

The movement of the petiole is an example of what?

Answer 54

phototropism

Question 55

What is tissue?

Answer 55

Living material which it's duty is to perform a particular task for the organs of an organism.

Question 56

What three kinds of tissue is there?

Answer 56

Structural tissue, vascular tissue, and meristematic tissue.

Question 57

There are four types of structural tissue...name them?

Answer 57

epidermal tissue, cork, parenchyma, and support and strengthening tissue.

Question 58

What does Epidermal tissue do?

Answer 58

It protects and covers leaves roots, stems. etc.

Question 59

What is the cuticle layer?

Answer 59

A waxy substance used to seal water in the plant.

Question 60

What are root hairs?

Answer 60

specialized cells of the epidermal tissue, which absorb water and nutrients for the root.

Question 61

What does the cork tissue do?

Answer 61

Cork tissue protects and waterproofs the stems and certain roots of woody plants

Question 62

What does Parenchyma tissue do?

Answer 62

It makes and stores food

Question 63

What is Support and strengthening tissue?

Answer 63

the cells of this tissue live only a short time but they strengthen leaves.

Question 64

What are vascular tissues?

Answer 64

these tissues are sap-conducting tissues. This tissue is found in the stems, roots, and veins of the leaves.

Question 65

There are two types of sap...name them.

Answer 65

the first type is water with dissolved minerals that moves upward from the roots to the leaves. The second type consists of food materials that travel downward the stems and roots.

Question 66

Which sap travels downward and which travels down the plant, and which travels up?

Answer 66

Xylem travels up. and Phloem travels down.

Question 67

What is the purpose of Meristematic tissue?

Answer 67

Meristematic tissue helps the growth and repair of plants.

Question 68

the internal layers of the meristematic tissue is called what?

Answer 68

cambium layers

Question 69

What does vascular cambium and cork cambium produce?

Answer 69

new vascular tissue. and new cork cambium.