Chapter 1

Question 1

Taxonomal Hierarchy of Mosquito

Answer 1

Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Family: Culicidae
Genus: Aedes

Question 2

3 subfamilies under Culicidae

Answer 2

Toxorhynchitinae
Anophelinae
Culicinae

Question 3

Anopheles species are vectors of what disease?

Answer 3

Filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi)

Question 4

Aedes species are important vectors of what diseases?

Answer 4

yellow fever
dengue
west nile virus
.. other arbovirus

Question 5

Mansonia species transmit what diseases?

Answer 5

Brugia malayi
and sometimes Wuchereria bancrofti

Question 6

what mosquitos are vectors of yellow fever?

Answer 6

Haemogogus and Sabethes

Question 7

body is divided into three. what are those?

Answer 7

head, body, thorax

Question 8

between eyes are a pair of?

Answer 8

filamentous and segmented antennae

Question 9

this is represented by pair of small, knob-like halteres

Answer 9

hind-wings

Question 10

female antennae?

Answer 10

pilose

Question 11

male antennae?

Answer 11

plumose

Question 12

whorls of shorter hairs of female antennae is called?

Answer 12

pilose

Question 13

many long hairs, appearing feathery for male antennae?

Answer 13

plumose

Question 14

below the antennae is a pair of

Answer 14

palps

Question 15

arises between the palp; contains piercing mouthparts

Answer 15

proboscis

Question 16

scales on the wings are usually colored?

Answer 16

brown, black, white, or yellowish

Question 17

scales on the legs are usually in patterns and colored?

Answer 17

brown, black, or white

Question 18

how many segments does an abdomen have?

Answer 18

10; but only first 7 or 8 are visible

Question 19

difference of mosquitoes in the subfamily Culicinae and Anophelinae in its abdomen

Answer 19

Culicinae - abdomen is covered with scales dorsally and ventrally, whereas
Anophelinae - abdomen is almost, or entirely devoid (no) scales

Question 20

difference of Anophelinae abdomen to male and female mosquitoes

Answer 20

female - last abdominal segment terminates in a pair of small finger-like cerci, whereas,
male - a pair of prominent claspers, comprises the part of the male external genitalia

Question 21

difference of unfed mosquitoes (male) to newly fed (female)

Answer 21

unfed mosquitoes - male; thin and slender
newly-fed mosquitoes -female; greatly distended and resembles and oval red balloon

Question 22

mouthparts are collectively known ad

Answer 22

proboscis

Question 23

largest component of the mouthpart that is long and flexible, gutter-shaped, terminating the labella

Answer 23

labium

Question 24

pair of small flap-like structures in the mouth

Answer 24

labella

Question 25

mouth part that encircle all other components and serve as a protective sheathe

Answer 25

labium

Question 26

mouth part that is slender, pointed, and is responsible for piercing through the host

Answer 26

labrum

Question 27

single toothed hollow stylet in the mouthpart

Answer 27

hypopharynx

Question 28

located between upper and lower labium is a five needle-like structure called

Answer 28

toothed maxillae

Question 29

usually lack teeth in the mouth part

Answer 29

upper pair of mandibles

Question 30

saliva comes from a pair of trilobed salivary glands, located ventrally in the anterior part of ?

Answer 30

thorax

Question 31

saliva contains what enzyme

Answer 31

antihaemostatic enzymes

Question 32

what does the enzyme in saliva produces, and what is its function?

Answer 32

antihaemostatic enzyme produces haematomas in the skin and functions to facilitate the uptake of the blood

Question 33

what does haematomas contain, and what is its function?

Answer 33

anticoagulants to prevent clotting of blood and obstructing the mouthparts is it is sucked up

Question 34

where do sperm from male enters the female?

Answer 34

spermotheca

Question 35

the process of a female mosquito biting a host and taking a blood-meal to obtain necessary nutrients for egg development is referred to as

Answer 35

anautogenous development

Question 36

a rare occurrence wherein a few species can develop the first batch of eggs without a blood-meal is referred to as

Answer 36

autogenouse development

Question 37

blood digestion in tropical species takes how many days?

Answer 37

2-3 days only

Question 38

blood digestion in colder temperate countries takes how many days?

Answer 38

7-14 days

Question 39

when is mosquito referred to as being half-gravid?

Answer 39

when blood is digested and the white eggs in the ovary enlarges, and the abdomen becomes whitish posteriorly and dark reddish anteriorly

Question 40

when will a female mosquito be referred to as gravid?

Answer 40

if blood is fully digested and the abdomen becomes dilated and whitish due to formation of fully developed eggs

Question 41

after the female mosquito becomes gravid, what will happen?

Answer 41

she searches for suitable larval habitats in which she lay her eggs

Question 42

after oviposition, what will the female mosquito do?

Answer 42

takes another blood-meal and after few (2-3 in tropics, 7-14 in colder temp) days, further batch of eggs is matured

Question 43

the process of blood-feeding, egg maturation, oviposition, and repetition of such, from female mosquitoes, is referred to as?

Answer 43

gonotrophic cycle

Question 44

depending on species, how many eggs does a female mosquito lay in one oviposition?

Answer 44

3-0-300 eggs

Question 45

egg shape of Culicinae spp.

Answer 45

elongate or approximately ovoid in shape

Question 46

egg shape of Mansonia spp

Answer 46

terminal filament

Question 47

egg shape of Anophelinae spp

Answer 47

boat-shaped

Question 48

where do Anopheles spp lay their eggs?

Answer 48

directly on water surface

Question 49

where do Culex spp lay their eggs?

Answer 49

vertically in several rows held together by surface tension to form and egg raft which floats on the water; directly on water surface same Anopheles spp

Question 50

where do Mansonia spp lay their eggs?

Answer 50

in a sticky mass glued to the underside of floating plants

Question 51

what genera of mosquitoes do not lay their eggs on water surface?

Answer 51

genera Aedes, Psorophora, and Haemogogus

Question 52

eggs of what genera can withstand desiccation?

Answer 52

genera Aedes, Psorophora, and Haemogogus

Question 53

define state of diapause

Answer 53

not hatching until some specific environment stimulus such as a change in daylength and/or temperature breaks diapause and the egg hatch