Chapter 1 Flashcards
(87 cards)
What is Psychology?
the scientific study of the mind and behavior
Qualities of an education in psychology
Students hone critical thinking skills and are trained to use the scientific method
What is critical thinking?
the active application of a set of skills to information for the understanding and evaluation of that information
Who is Wundt and James?
they are credited as being the founders of psychology as a science and academic discipline
Freud’s influence on psychology
developed the psychoanalythic theory
What is Gestalt Psychology?
a person’s “whole” where sensory experiences can be broken down into individual parts, this co-relates to how a person responds to perception
behaviorism role in psychology’s history
dominted in experimental psychology therefore established psychology as a scientific discipline
Carl Rogers “Client Centered Therapy”
centers on what patients needs rather than hierarchy needs (works on self actualization)
What is humanism?
perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans
Who developed structures to humanism?
Abraham Maslow (Hierarchy of Needs)
Carl Rogers (Client-Centered Therapy)
cognitive revolution
interest in the mind being the focus of scientific inquiry
How does scientific research address questions about behavior?
helps psychologists understand behavior, as well as cognitive and physiological processes that underlie behavior
What’s the difference between cognitive and physiological?
cognitive deals with the mental aspect of the body while physiological deals with the body
empirical
it is a objective, tangible evidence that can be observed time and time again
scientific research importantance in making personal decisions
psychology helps us understand facts and opinions we have about ourselves
weakness of surveys
participants don’t give accurate responses
weakness of naturalistic observation
People may not feel comfortable answering questions and when people are watched, they are less likely to behave naturally
weakness of archival research
Research never interacts with participants and researchers have no control over what was originally collected
longitudinal approach to research
Research takes years, even decades so results will be delayed
attrition
participant drop outs due to the longevity of the research progress
correlation
relationship between two or more variables
causation
cause and affect relationship
correlation coefficient
is a number -1 to +1 that indicates that strength and direction of the relationship between variables
moon phase
causes people to act strangely
