chapter 1 Flashcards
(31 cards)
Atom?
A single particle
The smallest part of an element that can participate in a chemical reaction
Element?
An atom or group of atoms of only one type, which can be chemically joined or not
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
Ion
An atom that has become electrically charged
An atom (or group of atoms) that has gained or lost electrons to become a charged species
Molecule
Two or more atoms chemically joined together
Compound
A substance with two or more elements chemically joined together
Empirical formula
The smallest whole-number ratio of atoms (of each element) in a compound/molecule
Molecular formula
The actual number of atoms (of each element) in a compound/molecule
Relative isotopic mass
as the mass of an isotope relative to bevelled 1 over 12 of a carbon-12 atom
The mole
amount of substance in grams that has the sane number of particles as there are atoms in the 12 grams of carbon-12
Relative atomic mass
weighted mean mass of one atom compared to 1/12 of the mass of one atom of carbon-12
Molar mass
mass in grams of 1 mole of substance and is given the unit gmol_1
what is the mass of substance with 6.02x 10^23 particles called?
a mole (mol)
the molar mass
Avogadro constant
) is the number of particles equivalent to the relative atomic mass or molecular mass of a substance
applies to atoms, molecules, ions and electrons
6.02 x 1023 g mol-1
The amount / number of moles of a substance, n, the mass of the substance, m, and the molar mass, M, are linked by the equation:
n=mass/molar mass
the molar mass
This is the mass of substance that contains the same number of fundamental units as exactly 12.00g of carbon-12
what do balanced equations show vs ionic equations
Balanced equations show the number of particles participating in the reaction and the number of products being formed
Balanced equations can be used to calculate the number of moles involved in reactions
Balanced equations can, also, be used to calculate masses and volumes involved in reactions
Ionic equations only show the reacting particles
Ionic equations allow you to identify spectator ion
what is mole a unit for?
the amount of substance
relative atomic mass?(2M)
weighted average mass of one atom(1)
on a scale on which 1 atom of c-12 is compared to 1/12 atom of c-12(1)
mass number? 1M
number of proton and neutron in nucleus
isotope 2M
atom with same number of proton 1M but different number of neutron 1M
Avogadro’s constant define 2M
atom contained in one mole of any monatomic element
how to calculate the amount for pure solid, liquid and gases(formulae)
amount(n)=mass/molar mass(mr)
how to calculate gas volume(dm^3) for gases(formulae)
gas volume =moles x 24
how to calculate concentration for solutions (formulae)
concentration =moles/volume
