Chapter 1 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Many modern neuroscientists are interested in the idea of _______ synapses, which may change in strength through use.
Hebbian
Within the midbrain, auditory information is received by the _______ and visual information is received by the _______.
inferior colliculi; superior colliculi
Section: 1.3 The Brain Shows Regional Specialization of Functions
Learning Objective: 1.3.3 Name the major divisions of the brainstem and midbrain, and identify key functions performed by each.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
The central sulcus divides the _______ and _______ lobes.
frontal; parietal
The brain and spinal cord are wrapped in protective membranes known collectively as the
Meninges
The [BLANK] controls the pituitary gland is the brain’s primary interface with the body’s hormonal systems.’
Hypothalamus
Darwin’s theory of evolution through natural selection gave rise to two approaches to experimentation, one of which emphasizes
differences in behavior and biology among species.
A group of axons traveling together within the brain is called a
Tract
Memory and emotion are processed by the [BLANK] and [BLANK], respectively
hippocampus; amygdala.
Muscles are given commands to move by [BLANK] .
Motor neurons
The drainage of wastes from the brain and distribution of nutrients, immune system components, and signaling substances are carried out by the brain’s _______ system.
glymphatic
Section: 1.4 Specialized Support Systems Protect and Nourish the Brain
Learning Objective: 1.4.1 Name and describe the meninges, ventricular system, and glymphatic system, and review their clinical significance.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Applying
Which one of the cortical lobes is posterior to the central sulcus?
Parietal
When you reach out for your pen and feel its shape in your hand, which type of neurons are conveying the sensation in your fingers to your spinal cord?
Unipolar
Which of the following statements accurately describes the ability of cranial nerves to carry sensory and motor information?
A. Half of the cranial nerves carry sensory information and the other half of the cranial nerves carry motor information.
B. All cranial nerves carry both sensory and motor information.
C. Some cranial nerves carry just sensory information, while all of the others carry both sensory and motor information.
D. Some cranial nerves carry sensory information, others carry motor information, and still others carry both sensory and motor information.
D
The efferent nerves of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) go to
various organs of the body
The ventricular system contains
cerebrospinal fluid
Axon terminals typically form synapses on the cell body or dendrites of a(n)
postsynaptic neuron
The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the movements of your mouth and jaws as you eat is called the
Somatic nervous system
The temporal lobe is _____ to the corpus callosum.
lateral
The presynaptic terminal is located on the ____________ and the postsynaptic region of the synapse is typically located on a(n) ___________.
axon terminal; dendrite or dendritic spine
Afferent is to efferent as
in is to out
A particularly large sulcus is known as a
Fissure
The ability of the nervous system to change in response to experience or the environment is called
Neuroplasticity
Voltage-gated sodium channels are located at the
Nodes of Ranvier
