Chapter 1

Question 1

To render a judicial decision. The trial-like proceeding in which an administrative law judge bears and resolves disputes involving an administrative agency’s regulations

Answer 1

Adjudicate

Question 2

A federal, state, or local government agency created by the legislature to perform a specific function, such as to make and enforce rules pertianing to the environment

Answer 2

Administrative Agency

Question 3

The body of law created by administrative agencies in order to carry out their duties and responsibilities

Answer 3

Administrative Law

Question 4

The procedure used by administrative agenices in fulfilling their basic functions: rulemaking, enforcement, and adjudication

Answer 4

Administrative Process

Question 5

To state, recite, assert, or charge

Answer 5

Allege

Question 6

Any source of law that a court must follow when deciding a case

Answer 6

Binding Authority

Question 7

The rules of law announced in court decisions; interprets statutes, regulations, and constitutional provisions, and governs all areas not covered by statutory or administrative law

Answer 7

Case Law

Question 8

A previous case involving factural circumstances and issues that are similar to those in the case before the court

Answer 8

Case on Point

Question 9

A reference to a publication in which a legal authority - such as a statute or a court decision - or other source can be found

Answer 9

Citation

Question 10

The branch of law dealing with the definition and enforcement of all private or public rights, as opposed to crimal matters

Answer 10

Civil Law

Question 11

A system of law derived from Roman law that is based on codified laws (rather than on case precedents)

Answer 11

Civil Law System

Question 12

The body of law developed from customer or judical decisions in English and U.S. courts, not attributable to a legislature

Answer 12

Common Law

Question 13

A court opinion by one or more judges or justices who agree with the majority but want to make or emphasize a point that was not made or emphasized in the majority’s opinion

Answer 13

Concurring Opinion

Question 14

The body of law derived from the U.S. Constititution and the consittuions of the various states

Answer 14

Constitutional Law

Question 15

The branch of law that defines and punishes wrongful actions commited against the public

Answer 15

Criminal Law

Question 16

An informal term used to refer to all laws governing electronic communications and transactions, particularly those conducted via the internet

Answer 16

Cyberlaw

Question 17

One against whom a lawsuit in brought of the accused person in a criminal proceeding

Answer 17

Defendant

Question 18

A court opinion that presents the views of one or more judges or justices who disagree with the majority’s decision

Answer 18

Dissenting Opinion

Question 19

A statute enacted by Congress that authorizes the creation of an administrative agency and specifiies the name, composition, and powers of the agency being created

Answer 19

Enabling Legislation

Question 20

General propositons or principles of law that have to do with fairness (equity)

Answer 20

Equitable Maxims

Question 21

A school of legal thought that looks to the past to determine what the principles of contemporary law should be

Answer 21

Historical School

Question 22

The law that governs relations among nations

Answer 22

Inernational Law

Question 23

Nonbinding rules or policy statements issued by an adminstrative agency that explain how it interprets and intends to apply the statutes it enforces

Answer 23

Interpretive Rules

Question 24

The science of philosphy of law

Answer 24

Jurisprudence

Question 25

A body of enforceable rules governing relationships among individuals and between individuals and their society

Answer 25

Law

Question 26

A school of legal thought centered on the assumption that there is no law higher than the laws created by a national government. Laws must be obeyed, even if they are unjust, to prevent anarchy

Answer 26

Legal Positivism

Question 27

A school of legal thought that holds that the law is only one factor to be considered when deciding cases, and that social and economic circumstances should also be taken into account

Answer 27

Legal Realism

Question 28

The process of reasoning by which a judge harmonizes his or her opinion with the judicial decisons in pervious cases

Answer 28

Legal Reason

Question 29

An administrative agency rule that carries the same weight as a congressionally enacted statute

Answer 29

Legislative Rules

Question 30

The state of being legally responsible (liable) for something, such as a debt or obligation

Answer 30

Liability

Question 31

A court opinion that represents the views of the majority (more than half) of the judges or justices deciding the case

Answer 31

Majority Opinion

Question 32

Law that pertains to a particular nation (as opposed to international law)

Answer 32

National Law

Question 33

The oldest school of legal thought, based on the belief that the legal system should reflect universal moral and ehtical principles that are inherent in human nature

Answer 33

Natural Law

Question 34

A regulation enacted by a city or county legislative body that becomes part of that city's or country's statutory law

Answer 34

Ordinance

Question 35

A court opinion that does not indicate which jduge or justice authored the opinion

Answer 35

Per Curiam Opinion

Question 36

Any legal authority or source of law that a court may look to for guidance but need not follow when making its decision

Answer 36

Persuasive Authority

Question 37

One who initiates a lawsuit

Answer 37

Plaintiff

Question 38

A court opinion that is joined by the largest number of the judges or justices hearing the case, but less than half of the total number

Answer 38

Plurality Opinion

Question 39

A court decision that furnishes an example or authority for deciding subsequent cases involving identical or similar facts

Answer 39

Precedent

Question 40

A source that establishes the law on a particular issue, such as a sonstitution, a statute, an administrative rule, or a court decision

Answer 40

Primary Source of Law

Question 41

Law that establishes the methods of enforcing the rights established by substatntive law

Answer 41

Procedural Law

Question 42

The relief given to an innocent party to enforce a right or compensate for the violation of right

Answer 42

Remedy

Question 43

The process by which an administrative agency formally adopts a new regulation or amends or removes an old one

Answer 43

Rulemaking

Question 44

A publication that summarizes or interprets the law, such as a legal encyclopedia, a legal treatise, or an article in law review

Answer 44

Secondary Source of Law

Question 45

A common law dontrine under which judges are obligated to follow the precedents established in prior decision

Answer 45

Stare Decisis

Question 46

The body of law enacted by legislative bodies (as opposed to constitutioanl law, administrative law, or case law)

Answer 46

Statutory Law

Question 47

Law that defines, describes, regulates, and creates legal rights and obligations

Answer 47

Substantive Law

Question 48

Model laws developed by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws for the states to consider eneacting into statute

Answer 48

Uniform Laws