Chapter 1

Question 1

self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 1

the process by which someone’s expectations about a person or group lead to the fulfillment of those expectations

Question 2

self

Answer 2

a symbol- using social being who can reflect on his or her own behavior

Question 3

self- serving bias

Answer 3

the tendency to take credit for positive outcomes but deny responsibility for negative outcomes in our lives

Question 4

interactionism

Answer 4

an important perspective in social psych that emphasizes the combined effects of both the person and the situation on human behavior

Question 5

social cognition

Answer 5

the ways in which we interpret, analyze, remember, and use information about our social world

Question 6

dual-process theories

Answer 6

theories of social cognition that describe 2 basic ways of thinking about social stimuli: one involving automatic thinking and the other involving more deliberate thinking

Question 7

explicit cognition

Answer 7

deliberate judgments or decisions of which we are consciously aware

Question 8

implicit cogntion

Answer 8

judgments that are under the control of automatically activated evaluations occurring without our awareness

Question 9

culture

Answer 9

the total lifestyle of a people, including all the ideas, symbols, preferences, and material objects that they share

Question 10

individualism

Answer 10

a philosophy of life stressing the priority of individual needs over group needs, a preference for loosely knit social relationships, and a desire to be relatively autonomous of other’s influence

Question 11

collectivism

Answer 11

a philosophy of life stressing the priority of group needs over individual needs, a preference for tightly knit social relationships, and a willingness to submit to the influence of one’s group

Question 13

evolutionary psychology

Answer 13

an approach to psych based on the principle of natural selections

Question 14

social neuroscience

Answer 14

the study of the relationship between neural processes of the brain and social processes

Question 15

frontal lobe

Answer 15

the region of the cerebral cortex situated just behind the forehead that is involved in the coordination of movement and higher mental processes, such as planning, social skills, and abstract thinking (self processes) n

Question 16

cerebral cortex

Answer 16

wrinkled outer layer of the brain that coordinates and integrates all other brain areas into a fully functioning unit (“thinking center”)