Chapter 1 Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is the purpose of a smear test done before pregnancy?
To screen for Rubella and Varicella
These screenings help ensure maternal immunity against these infections.
What is confirmed during the first visit with a midwife or family doctor?
Pregnancy is intrauterine and viable through an ultrasound scan
This step is crucial for assessing the health and location of the pregnancy.
What is the significance of a transvaginal ultrasound?
It is important in diagnosing early pregnancy complications and development of the embryo
This method helps identify conditions like ectopic pregnancies.
When is the second visit scheduled after the first?
After 8 to 11 weeks
This timing allows for further monitoring of the pregnancy.
What is the purpose of a dating scan?
To confirm the estimated gestational age and expected delivery date
Accurate dating is essential for managing prenatal care.
What does nuchal translucency measure?
A fluid-filled space underneath the skin at the back of the fetus’s neck
This measurement can help identify markers indicating a risk for chromosomal abnormalities.
What is Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT)?
A prenatal diagnosis for chromosome analysis using maternal blood samples
This method tests for specific genetic conditions without risk to the fetus.
What is the origin of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal blood?
It originates from trophoblastic cells
Trophoblastic cells are part of the placenta and release DNA into maternal circulation.
What percentage of cell-free fetal DNA is typically present in maternal blood during early pregnancy?
3% to 8%
This percentage can increase slightly as pregnancy progresses.
True or False: Most of the cell-free DNA in maternal blood comes from the mother.
True
However, a smaller percentage comes from the fetus.
What is the frequency of hospital visits for women referred for Booking until 28 weeks?
Until 28 weeks, visits continue every week.
This schedule is crucial for monitoring maternal and fetal health during early pregnancy.
What is the frequency of visits for women between 28 and 32 weeks of pregnancy?
Visits continue every 3 weeks.
This periodic check helps in assessing the health status of both mother and fetus.
What is the visit frequency for women between 32 and 36 weeks of pregnancy?
Visits continue every 2 weeks.
Closer monitoring is essential as the pregnancy progresses.
How often do visits occur after 36 weeks of pregnancy?
Visits continue every week until delivery.
Weekly visits ensure timely interventions if complications arise.
How are high-risk mothers monitored during pregnancy?
High-risk mothers are followed up at a hospital or private obstetrician.
This ensures specialized care is available for potential complications.
What is the normal baseline fetal heart rate range?
Baseline rate is 110-160 beats per minute.
Monitoring this range is crucial for assessing fetal well-being.
What is the purpose of fetal heart auscultation?
To monitor fetal heart rate and variability.
It provides insights into fetal health without invasive procedures.
What is the primary tool used for fetal heart auscultation?
A handheld fetal stethoscope.
This method is non-invasive and allows the mother to hear her baby’s heartbeat.
At what gestational age is the first routine ultrasound typically performed?
At 12 weeks gestation.
This ultrasound is important for confirming gestational dates.
What is the purpose of the anomaly scan performed at 20-24 weeks?
To detect structural abnormalities in the fetus and confirm gestational age.
This detailed scan is conducted by a specialist ultrasonographer.
What measurements are taken during the anomaly scan?
Measurements include:
* BPD (Biparietal Diameter)
* HC (Head Circumference)
* FL (Femur Length)
* AC (Abdominal Circumference)
These measurements help in assessing fetal growth and development.
What does the anomaly scan help to identify?
Maternal and fetal structural abnormalities, multiple gestations, and placenta position.
Early detection allows for proper management and care planning.
Why is it important to estimate the amniotic fluid volume during pregnancy?
To manage pregnancy effectively and ensure fetal well-being.
Abnormal fluid levels can indicate potential complications.
What is the goal of early diagnosis of conditions during pregnancy?
To arrange timely referrals to tertiary centers for optimal care.
This ensures that both mother and baby receive necessary interventions.
