Chapter 1

Question 0

A group of people united by bonds of race, language, custom, tradition, and sometimes religion.

Answer 0

Nation

Question 1

A political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government with the power to make and enforce laws without approval from any higher authority.

Answer 1

State (country)

Question 2

Refers to a country in which the territory of both the nation and the state coincide.

Answer 2

Nation-state

Question 3

Four features of state:

Answer 3

Population, territory, sovereignty, and government.

Question 4

Top three populated countries:

Answer 4

China, India, U.S.

Question 5

An agreement about basic beliefs.

Answer 5

Consensus

Question 6

The state has supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries.

Answer 6

Sovereignty

Question 7

The institution through which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions binding on the people in the state.

Answer 7

Government

Question 8

Top five states with the most territory:

Answer 8

Russia, Canada, China, U.S.A., Brazil

Question 9

Four theories of how a state originated:

Answer 9

Evolutionary, force, divine right, and Social Contract

Question 10

Four purposes of government:

Answer 10

–Maintain social order
–Provide public services
–Provide national security
–Provide economic system

Question 11

Two gov’t systems:

Answer 11

Unitary system, federal system

Question 12

Gov’t gives all key powers to the national or central gov’t.

Answer 12

Unitary system

Question 13

Gov’t divides the powers between the national and state gov’t.

Answer 13

Federal system

Question 14

A loose union of independent states.q

Answer 14

Confederacy

Question 15

A plan that provides the rules for gov’t.

Answer 15

Constitution

Question 16

The constitution has authority to place limits on the powers of those who govern.

Answer 16

Constitutional gov’t

Question 17

A statement that sets forth the goals and purposes to be served by the gov’t.

Answer 17

Preamble

Question 18

Involves the interpretation and application of the constitution.

Answer 18

Constitutional law

Question 19

The efforts to control or influence the conduct and policies of gov’t.

Answer 19

Politics

Question 20

Generally have large industries and advanced technologies that provide a more comfortable way of life.

Answer 20

Industrialized nation

Question 21

A nation only beginning to develop industrially.

Answer 21

Developing nations

Question 22

Three types of non-state groups:

Answer 22

Political movements (Al Queda, Taliban), multinational corporations ( Walmart, Starbucks), international organizations (Red Cross)

Question 23

Interdependence of citizens and states across the world.

Answer 23

Globalization EX: EU—European Union (28 European countries); relations with U.S. (trade, surveillance)

Question 37

Three major parts of gov't:

Answer 37

Autocracy, oligarchy, monarchy

Question 38

Rule by one person.

Answer 38

Autocracy

Question 39

Rule by a few.

Answer 39

Oligarchy

Question 40

Rule by the many/people.

Answer 40

Democracy

Question 41

Two types of monarchy:

Answer 41

Absolute monarch (unlimited power, constitutional monarch (power is shared with legislative body)

Question 43

Two types of democracy:

Answer 43

Direct democracy, representative democracy

Question 44

A gov't in which voters hold sovereign power, but are limited by the laws made by elected officials.

Answer 44

Republic

Question 45

Four characteristics of democracy:

Answer 45

Individual liberty, Majority Rule with Majority Rights, free elections, competing political parties

Question 46

A group of individuals with broad common interests who organize to nominate candidates for office, with elections, conduct government, and determine public policy.

Answer 46

Political party

Question 47

Two main political parties in the U.S.:

Answer 47

Republicans, democrats

Question 48

Five factors that help democracy succeed:

Answer 48

Citizen participation, good economy, education systems, strong civil society, social consensus

Question 49

Network of voluntary associates that work independently of gov't.

Answer 49

Strong civil society

Question 50

An economic system based on private ownership of the means of production and on individual economic freedom.

Answer 50

Free enterprise

Question 51

Two forms of autocracy:

Answer 51

Totalitarian dictatorship (ideas of a single leader are glorified—North Korea), monarchy (King, queen, emperor has control of the gov't—U.K.)