chapter 1

Question 1

when did India get independence?

Answer 1

15 august 1947

Question 2

name of people who tried to estimate India’s national and per capita income

Answer 2

Dababhai naorji
William digby
findlay shirras
V.K.R.V. rao
r.c Desai

Question 3

aim of British rule

Answer 3

the main purpose of British rule in India was to use Indian economy as a feeder economy for the development of British economy.

Question 4

before the advent of British rule, Indian economy was characterised with the following features

Answer 4

1. prosperous economy
2. agrarian economy
3. well-known handicraft industries

Question 5

elaborate prosperous economy

Answer 5

india was a independent, self reliant and prosperous economy.

Question 6

elaborate well known handicraft industries

Answer 6

india was known for its handcraft industries in the field of cotton and silk textiles, metal and precious stone works.

Question 7

what percentage of population lived in rural area?

Answer 7

85

Question 8

main reasons for stagnation in agricultural sector

Answer 8

1. land settlement system
2. commercialisation of agriculture
3. low level of productivity
4. scarcity of investment

Question 9

Industrial sector during British rule

Answer 9

1.deindustrialization- decline of handicraft industry
2. adverse effects of handicraft industry
3. lack of public good infrastructure
4. low contribution to GDP
5. limited role of public sector

Question 10

primary purpose of deindustrialization of handicraft industry

Answer 10

1. to get raw material from india at cheap rates to be used by upcoming Morden industry at Britain
2. to sell finished products of British industries at higher prices

Question 11

adverse effects of decline in handicraft industry

Answer 11

1. high level of unemployment
2. import of finished goods

Question 12

foreign trade during british rule

Answer 12

1. india became exporter of raw material and Importer of finished goods
2. monopoly control of British rule
3. drain of Indian wealth during British rule

Question 13

goods exported during british rule

Answer 13

silk, cotton, wool,indigo, jute, etc

Question 14

goods imported during british rule

Answer 14

cotton, silk and woolen clothes and capital goods like light machinery

Question 15

during british rule goods were exported to

Answer 15

1/2 to Britain
others to country like china, Sri Lanka and Iran

Question 16

during british rule what was the export surplus used for

Answer 16

1. to make payments for expenses incurred by an office set up by the colonial government in Britain
2. to meet expenses on war fought by British government
3. to import invisible items

Question 17

when was the first official census conducted?

Answer 17

1881

Question 18

what is the year of great divide

Answer 18

1921

Question 19

demographic conditions during colonial period

Answer 19

low life expectancy
extremely low literacy rate
poor health facilities
high infant mortally rate
widespread poverty
high birth and death rate

Question 20

what was the birth rate and death rate during colonial period?

Answer 20

48 and 40

Question 21

what was the literacy rate during colonial period?

Answer 21

over all literacy rate- 16%
female literacy rate- 7%

Question 22

what was the infant mortality rate during colonial period?

Answer 22

218 per thousand

Question 23

what was the life expectancy during colonial period?

Answer 23

32 years

Question 24

which states witnessed a decline in dependence of workforce on agriculture

Answer 24

Tamil Nadu
Andhra Pradesh
Kerala
Karnataka
Maharashtra
West Bengal

Question 25

which states witness an increase of workforce on agriculture

Answer 25

1. orissa 2. Rajasthan 3. punjab

Question 26

when was railways introduced

Answer 26

1850

Question 27

two ways railways were beneficial during british rule

Answer 27

help people undertake long distance travel which broke geographical and cultural barriers and promote national integration enhance commercialisation of Indian agriculture

Question 28

frist railway bride linked

Answer 28

Bombay with thane, 1854

Question 29

when was tata establish

Answer 29

1932

Question 30

main reason to develop roads

Answer 30

to mobile army within India to draw out raw materials from the countryside to the nearest railway station or port

Question 31

main reasons to develop railways

Answer 31

to have effective control and administration over the vast Indian territory to earn profits through foreign trade by linking railways to major parts to make profitable investment of British fund in India

Question 32

main reason to develop electric telegraph

Answer 32

to maintain law and order

Question 33

positive contribution of British rule on Indian economy

Answer 33

better means of transport check on famines growth in agriculture sector shit to monetary economy effective administrative set up

Question 34

state of Indian economy at eve of independence

Answer 34

1. backward economy 2. stagnant economy 3. colonial economy 4. ampulated economy 5. depleted economy 6. semi- feudal economy