Chapter 1

Question 1

On what factors is triaging based?

Answer 1

Resources available
Ability to survive
Severity of injury

Question 2

What is a multiple casualty

Answer 2

One in which the number of patients and severity of injury DOES NOT exceed the capability of the treating facility.
Most injured(multiple system)/life threatening problems treated first

Question 3

What is a mass casualty?

Answer 3

One in which the number of patients and severity of injuries DOES exceed the capability of the treating facility.

Patients treated first = most likely to survive, using least resources, expenditure, time, personnel

Question 4

How can you do a primary survey ABCD in 10 seconds?

Answer 4

Introduce yourself, ask pt for their name, ask what happened

Appropriate response = no major airway compromise, no major breathing compromise, alert enough to answer

Question 5

3 important aspects to examine on a patient during primary survey - circulation (assessing blood volume)

Answer 5

GCS
pulse
Skin perfusion

Question 6

What are the major areas of internal haemorrhage?

Answer 6

Chest, abdomen, retroperitoneum, pelvis, long bones

Question 7

Causes of a decreased level of consciousness

Answer 7

Central nervous system injury
Hypoglycaemia
Hypoxia
Alcohol
Drugs

Question 8

What are possible causes of pulse less electrical activity?

Answer 8

Tension pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade
Profound hypovolaemia

Question 9

What on ABG indicates shock?

Answer 9

Low Ph
Base excess levels

(Monitor to assess effective resus)

Question 10

What does urine output indicate in a patient?

Answer 10

Volume status
Renal perfusion

Question 11

Who are the special populations who might have different physiological responses to take note of in trauma?

Answer 11

Pregnant women, children, elderly, obese patients, athletes

Question 12

When does the secondary survey start?

Answer 12

Primary survey completed
Resus efforts started
Vitals improved

Question 13

What must be done during the hospital phase of a trauma scenario?

Answer 13

Prepare equipment and resus area
Suctioning and warm fluids available and ready
Monitors ready
Protocol for additional assistance activated
Transfer agreements

Question 14

What is the mnemonic for getting the history in a trauma patient?

Answer 14

AMPLE

Allergies
Medications used
Past illnesses/pregnancy
Last meal
Events/environment related to injury