Chapter 1

Question 1

What is fluidity?

Answer 1

The ability to flow.

Question 2

Which state of matter has high fluidity?

Answer 2

Gases.

Question 3

What is viscosity?

Answer 3

A liquid’s resistance against flow.

Question 4

How can highly viscous liquids be used?

Answer 4

To reduce friction (Lubrication).

Question 5

What is evaporation?

Answer 5

A surface phenomenon that occurs just before the liquid starts to boil.

Question 6

What affects the ease of evaporation?

Answer 6

Weaker intermolecular forces.

Question 7

Define volatility.

Answer 7

The tendency of a substance to evaporate.

Question 8

How does the boiling point relate to volatility?

Answer 8

The higher the force of attraction (lower boiling point), the higher the volatility.

Question 9

What is the melting point?

Answer 9

The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.

Question 10

Compare the melting point of impure and pure substances.

Answer 10

Melting point of impure substance > Melting point of pure substance.

Question 11

What is the boiling point?

Answer 11

The temperature at which a liquid boils when the pressure of the gas created above the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.

Question 12

Compare the boiling point of impure and pure substances.

Answer 12

Boiling point of impure substance > Boiling point of pure substance.

Question 13

What is the freezing point?

Answer 13

The temperature at which a liquid freezes to change state into a solid.

Question 14

Compare the freezing point of impure and pure substances.

Answer 14

Freezing point of impure substance > Freezing point of pure substance.

Question 15

Define condensation.

Answer 15

The physical process where a substance transitions from a gaseous state to a liquid state.

Question 16

What is sublimation?

Answer 16

The transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas state.

Question 17

What is deposition?

Answer 17

A transition where a substance changes from a gas to a solid state.

Question 18

Define lattice.

Answer 18

A regular three-dimensional arrangement that forms a giant covalent structure.

Question 19

What is kinetic particle energy?

Answer 19

Energy possessed by the state of matter.

Question 20

What is intermolecular space?

Answer 20

The space between 2 atoms or molecules.

Question 21

What is the change of state from solid to liquid called?

Answer 21

Melting.

Question 22

What is the change of state from liquid to gas called?

Answer 22

Evaporation or Vaporisation.

Question 23

What is the change of state from gas to liquid called?

Answer 23

Condensation or Liquefaction.

Question 24

What is the change of state from liquid to solid called?

Answer 24

Freezing or Solidification.

Question 25

What is the change of state from solid to gas called?

Answer 25

Sublimation.

Question 26

Give an example of sublimation.

Answer 26

Dry Ice, Iodine.

Question 27

What is the state of matter with a fixed volume and shape?

Answer 27

Solid.

Question 28

What is the state of matter that flows easily?

Answer 28

Gas.

Question 29

What is a molecule?

Answer 29

A combination of 2 or more atoms of the same type.

Question 30

What is an ion?

Answer 30

When an atom gains a charge (positive or negative).

Question 31

Define compound.

Answer 31

A combination of 2 or more atoms of different types in fixed proportions.

Question 32

What is an element?

Answer 32

A substance made up of only one type of atom.

Question 33

What factors affect the change of state?

Answer 33

* Temperature * Pressure (Applicable mostly for gases)

Question 34

What are the state symbols for solid, liquid, and gas?

Answer 34

* Solid: s * Liquid: l * Gas: g

Question 35

What does the equilibrium symbol (⇌) indicate?

Answer 35

The reversible change between solid, liquid, and gas.