chapter 1 - 2 - 3 Flashcards

(57 cards)

1
Q

Reviewing and resetting innovation management approaches is termed

A

dynamic capability
(re and re -> die)
(reviewing and resetting –> dynamic)

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2
Q

Doing what we do better and creating opportunities are considered to be

A

aspects of innovation

do better + create opportunities –> aspects of INV

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3
Q

Innovation managers and practising entrpreneurs in large business have learned from the world of experience that “successful innovators”

A
=> all of the options listed:
build dynamic capability
manage innovation as a process
understand different dimensions of innovation
develop innovation capability
create an innovation strategy

(successful innovator –> build, manage, understand, develop, create)

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4
Q

Turning niches into a mass markets is an example of

A

cost innovation
- Selling high-end products at mass-market prices
- Offering choice or customization to value customers
- Turning niches into mass markets
(-> tốn chi phí -> “cost”)
(mass-market, customization –> cost inv)

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5
Q

Rethinking of services and meeting social needs are aspects of

A

innovation

rethink, meet social needs –> aspects of inv

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6
Q

incremental innovation (… gains, … implemented, … tech)

A
  • immediate gains
  • can be rapidly implemented
  • based on sustained technologies
    \
  • develops customer loyalty
  • steady improvements
  • obedience to cultural routines and norms

(incremental –> immediate, rapidly, sustained, loyalty, steady, norms)

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7
Q

disruptive innovation

A
  • experimentation (sự thí nghiệm) (and play/make-believe)
  • needs to be nurtured for long periods
  • create new markets
    /
  • fundamental rethink
  • based on disruptive technologies
  • worse initial performance, potential big gains

(disruptive –> fundamental, experimentation, new market, disruptive tech, big gains)

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8
Q

*Questions such as - what are we going to need? How will we get resources? are dealt with in

A

strategic implementation
(strategic –> need, resources, partner, roadblocks)

Who we may need to partner with?
What likely roadblocks we could face?

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9
Q

Creating an innovation strategy involves three key steps

A

analysis: what could we do?
selection: what are we going to do, and why?
implementation: how are we going to make it happen?

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10
Q

Which of the following is not considered a component of creativity

A

imagination

Creativity = creative thinking skills + knowledge + motivation

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11
Q

A business plan involves planning resources and developing a budget which is then compared with sales projections to ascertain the true

A

market size that can be captured

business plan –> market size - captured

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12
Q

Which of the following is not a part of the creative process:

A

software development

```
recognition/preparation
incubation
insight
validation/refinement
re incu in va
(insight -> validation)
~~~

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13
Q

*Tidying up an idea and building on their initial insight is known as

A

validation - idea, insights (hợp thức hóa)

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14
Q

*Which of the following is “not” considered part of feasibility analysis to screen opportunities

A

process feasibility

  • Product feasibility - is it real?: can be made (pro) or delivered (service)?
  • Market feasibility - is it viable?: pp want it? ready to pay?
  • Economic feasibility - is it worth it?: can be developed, manufactured, and distributed while generating a profit?

(feasibility analysis –> product, market, economic;
fear –> pro, mar, ec)

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15
Q

Quantity of ideas is an important rule to follow in

A

brainstorming

quantity of ideas –> brainstorming

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16
Q

When people are intrinsically motivated at their workplace they work towards achieving

A

personal challenge

motivated at their workplace –> challenge

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17
Q

Value refers to the

A

total offering

value - offering

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18
Q

As part of your marketing PhD you decide to investigate factors affecting people’s “attitudes, beliefs, behaviours, preferences, customs and lifestyles”. These macro-environmental forces which you investigate are collectively known as

A

Sociocultural forces

socio - attitudes

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19
Q

The Heart Foundation publicising the health risks associated with a poor diet is an example of how the organisation can ….. customers, clients, partners, competitors and other parties that make up its industry

A

exert some “influence” on the

heart foundation - influence

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20
Q

Brand equity, customer satisfaction, market share and return on marketing investment are all examples of

A

marketing metrics

  • brand equity
  • customer satisfaction
  • market share
  • return on marketing investment
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21
Q

The Council of Australian Governments (COAG) Healthy Communities Initiatives is an Australian government initiative that aims to reduce the prevalence of obesity within the target population. This initiative is best described as an example of

A

a not-for-profit organization using marketing practices

healthy communities, government initiative – not-for-profit organization

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22
Q

Which of the following is part of an organization’s marketing environment

A
  • The organization’s micro-environment
  • The organization’s macro-environment
  • Any internal or external force that affects the organization’s ability to create, communicate, deliver and exchange offerings of value
    (micro, macro, internal and external)
    (all of the options listed)
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23
Q

*Which of the following should influence an organization’s marketing planning

A

organizational objectives

situation + objective = marketing planning

24
Q

Which of the following would not be a part of an organization’s micro-environment?

A

The economy

macro: political, technological, economic, legal, sociocultural, evironmental
micro: customers, partners and competitors

25
An organization recognising the ageing population and offering a seniors’ discount for older customers is most likely to be responding to
sociocultural forces | socio - ageing population/ Age distribution
26
When using the "PESTEl" framework, marketers are investigating
macro-environmental forces
27
The Australian Government regularly conducts a census, collecting information about everybody who is in Australia on a given date. Many of the questions asked in the census are demographic. Which of the following is "not" a demographic characteristic?
Age, Gender, Ethnicity, Marital status (none of the options listed) (not nên dùng none) Examples of demographic characteristics include age, race, gender, ethnicity, religion, income, education, home ownership, sexual orientation, marital status, family size, health and disability status, and psychiatric diagnosis.
28
Customers for "not-for-profit" organization or social marketers are known as
clients customer -> purchase consumer -> use client -> not-for-profit partner -> all org or individuals - involved - exchange process society -> body of individuals - members of a community Different Market Groups: - Customers -> purchase goods and services for their own or other people’s use. - Consumers use the good or service. - Clients are ‘customers’ of the products of not-for-profit organisations. - Partners are all organisations or individuals who are involved in the activities of the exchange process. - Society is a body of individuals living as members of a community. Customers (use or buy for others): → consumer (use) → clients (not for profit)
29
*The marketing department of a large retail company assesses their "current situation in order to clearly state where the company is now". This is an example of the company
conducting a "situational" analysis (current, where the company is now)
30
If a firm raises the price of its product and finds that total revenue has fallen, this indicates that
demand for the product is price elastic
31
An increase in the price of a substitute product will normally cause
(giá của vật thay thế tăng -> nhu cầu vật thay thế giảm -> nhu cầu vật bán tăng) a "movement" along the demand curve such that "quantity demanded increases"
32
An reduction in the price of a substitute product will normally cause
a "movement" along the demand curve such that "quantity demanded declines" (substitute - price giảm --> demand giảm)
33
When referring to the "market for capital", which of the following terms is out of place - Supply and demand - Banks and insurance companies - Money - Interest - Machines and buildings
Machines and buildings (Market for capital: - Supply and demand - Banks and insurance companies - Money - Interest
34
Households are ___ in the product market, ___ in the labour market, and ___ in the capital market
consumers; sellers; lenders (and borrowers)
35
Firms are ___ in the product market, ___ in the labor market, and ___ in the capital market
Sellers, buyers; borrowers and lenders
36
*Microeconomics is that branch of economics that focuses primarily on
the behaviours of individual units | micro - individual
37
*Luxury manufacturer Rolex understands the additional "expected benefits" that its products offer customers. Market segmentation based on expected benefits is an example of
behavioural (segmentation) | expected - behavioural
38
Emma decides that after establishing a successful business using a mass marketing approach, she wants to expand by differentiating her product range. Emma conducts market research investigating the "psychographic characteristics" of her market. Emma understand that:
- psychographic segmentation variables include consumer personality attitudes - psychographic segmentation variables include consumer lifestyles - psychographic segmentation variables include consumer motives (all of the options listed) (personality - lifestyle - motives)
39
You open a liquor store, selling only "boutique wines" (produced in smaller quantities and as such not sold through major retailers) from the Hunter Valley in NSW. Your specialised approach to the target market is
product specialisation ("product" - "boutique wines") Product specialization is a marketing technique where businesses focus their marketing or branding efforts on a "specific product or product line".
40
A credit union that provides a "wide range" of financial services to members "who are employed" in a particular industries would be best described as having
a market specialisation | meeting wide range of financial services/needs meeting a wide range of needs within a single market segment
41
Which of the following statements is false?
FALSE - The positioning of an organization, its products and brands should be changed regularly TRUE - A product, organization or brand may be able to be repositioned - The positioning of an organization, its products and brands should be consistently reinforced - Positioning is based on customer perceptions as well as reality - How an organization wishes to position its product offering to a target market should influence
42
Which strategy would most accurately describe the marketing efforts of a major car manufacturer such as Toyota
((Mass marketing (?)) should be Undifferentiated (trong 1 gr) and Differentiated (giữa cách gr) + buyers differ but have some shared characteristics → be possible to use an undifferentiated marketing mix for any one group + while differentiating the offering between groups.
43
*As a marketer for a major wine company, you implement a marketing program based on occasion-based segmentation. You market some products as 'gifts', others as 'celebratory' and others for 'cellaring'. You action is an example of
behavioural segmentation - "occasion-based" * benefit expectations * brand loyalty * occasion * price sensitivity * volume usage.
44
Which of the following statements is/are correct
The "level of industry marketing activity" will generally influence the "market potential" of a product category (mar - mar)
45
*Behavioural segmentation differs from geographic, demographic and psychographic segmentation because it
is based on actual purchase and/or consumption behaviours | behavioural - purchase/ consumption
46
Coca-cola distributes its soft drinks via every suitable intermediary. This distribution strategy is an example of
intensive distribution (intermediary, in - in)
47
Choose the best answer to complete the following sentence. Product differentiation should
aim to create a competitive advantage for the organization (differentiation - competitive adv)
48
Stable products, impulse products, and emergency products are all examples of
convenience products - Stable products: bought and used by consumers regularly - impulse products: little planning, often purchased only after seeing the item at the retail store (đặt ở chỗ tính tiền) - emergency products: (mua dù khi mưa)
49
Which of the following statements is "incorrect" (service)
INCORRECT: A service usually involves transfer of ownership ``` CORRECT: - A service is a product - A physical good is a product - A physical good is tangible; a service is intangible (ch5) ``` Product: can be a good, service or idea offered to the market for exchange. - Good: a physical (tangible) offering capable of being delivered to a customer, e.g. Fridge. - Service: intangible offering that does not involve ownership, e.g. a taxi ride. - Idea: concept, issue or philosophy offered to the market, e.g. ‘Clean up Australia Day’.
50
The path from the ___ or service provider to the end user is known as the ___ channel or marketing channel
manufacturer, distribution | sản xuất tới thẳng end user --> distribution
51
In terms of the total product concept, product differentiation occurs mainly at the ___ level
augmented
52
Which of the following could not potentially be an example of product differentiation A. An organization offering a product warranty B. A car manufacturing offering a model with a built in global positioning system (GPS) C. An organization offering a 24 hour product help desk D. All of the options listed are potentially product differentiators
D. All of the options listed are potentially product differentiators
53
The three major markets of interest in economics are the
product labour capital goods markets
54
A technological improvement will normally cause
the supply curve to shift to the right
55
If the demand for a product is price elastic, total revenue will
increase if price is reduced
56
The primary focus of economics is on
choices that must be made | economics - choices
57
Along an individual firm's supply curve, a reduction in quantity supply occurs when
price has declined - Changing prices of the inputs - Technological improvements - Natural environment – weather conditions - Availability of credit - Firms often borrow to obtain inputs needed for production. Lower interest rate will reduce cost of borrowing, leading to rightward shift in supply curve. - Changed expectation – if firms believe that new technology for making cars will become available in 2 years, they will discourage investment today, leading to a temporary leftward shift in the supply curve.