Chapter 1,2,3

Question 1

The horizontal axis runs ____ to _____ and is the ___ axis.

Answer 1

side to side. x-axis

Question 2

The vertical axis runs ____ to ____ and is the ___ axis.

Answer 2

up and down. Y - axis.

Question 3

Define unrelated

Answer 3

Two items that are not associated

Question 4

Directly related or directly proportional

Answer 4

Two items that are associated such that one increases, the other increases.

Question 5

The graph of two directly related items extends from ______ to ______.

Answer 5

lower left to upper right.

Question 6

Inversely related or inversely proportional

Answer 6

two items are associated such that when one item increases, the other decreases.

Question 7

The graph of two inversely related items extend from ______ to _______.

Answer 7

upper left to lower right.

Question 8

10^9

Answer 8

Giga, billion

Question 9

10^6

Answer 9

mega, million

Question 10

10^3

Answer 10

kilo, thousand

Question 11

10^2

Answer 11

hecto, hundred

Question 12

10^1

Answer 12

deca, ten

Question 13

10^-1

Answer 13

deci, tenth

Question 14

10^-2

Answer 14

centi, hundredth

Question 15

10^-3

Answer 15

milli, thousandth

Question 16

10^-6

Answer 16

micro, millionth

Question 17

10^-9

Answer 17

nano, billionth

Question 18

Unit of area

Answer 18

cm^2, ft^2

Question 19

Unit of length

Answer 19

distance, circumference, feet

Question 20

unit of volume

Answer 20

cm^3, ft^3

Question 21

acoustic propagation properties

Answer 21

The effects of the medium upon the sound wave.

Question 22

Biological effect

Answer 22

The effects of the sound-wave upon the biological tissue through which it passes.

Question 23

Three acoustic variables that distinguish between sound waves and other types of waves:

Answer 23

Pressure, density, distance

Question 24

Units for pressure

Answer 24

Pascals (Pa)

Question 25

Units for density

Answer 25

kg/cm^3

Question 26

Units for distance

Answer 26

cm,ft,mile

Question 27

What does Acoustic Parameters tell you ?

Answer 27

about the waves feature

Question 28

Name the seven acoustic parameters

Answer 28

Amplitude, Power, Intensity, frequency, wavelength, period, propagation speed.

Question 29

In a transverse wave, particles move in a direction that is __________ to the direction that the wave propagates.

Answer 29

perpendicular

Question 30

In a longitudinal wave, particles move in _______ direction that the wave propagates.

Answer 30

same

Question 31

Sound travels in a ________ line.

Answer 31

Straight

Question 32

Sound waves are __________ waves.

Answer 32

Longitudinal

Question 33

A pair of waves are considered _________ when their peaks occur at the same time and at the same location.

Answer 33

in-phase.

Question 34

A pair of waves are considered ______ when their peaks occur at different times.

Answer 34

out- of phase.

Question 35

When waves lose their individual characteristic at the moment and combine to form a single wave: this combination is called ___________.

Answer 35

Interference

Question 36

The interference of a pair of ________ result in formation of a single wave of greater amplitude is called ___________.

Answer 36

in-phase, constructive interference.

Question 37

The interference of a pair of _______ results in the formation of a single wave of lesser amplitude than at least one of its components is called __________.

Answer 37

Out-of-phase, destructive interference.

Question 38

The time it takes to vibrate a single cycle is called ________. what are the units?

Answer 38

Period Units: time : ex: seconds, microseconds, hours, days.

Question 39

Typical value of period in diagnostic ultrasound is _______ to ________.

Answer 39

0.06 seconds to 0.5 microseconds.

Question 40

Period is determined by the _________ source only.

Answer 40

sound

Question 41

The number of particular events that occur in a specific duration of time is called _________. What are the units?

Answer 41

Frequency Units: hertz. "per second"

Question 42

In clinical imaging, frequency ranges from approximately _____ to _______.

Answer 42

2Mhz to 15 Mhz.

Question 43

Infrasound means

Answer 43

less than 20hz

Question 44

audible sound in ultrasound ______ to _______.

Answer 44

20 hz to 20 khz

Question 45

Ultrasound

Answer 45

Greater than 20 khz

Question 46

why is frequency important in ultrasound ?

Answer 46

frequency is important in sonography because it affects penetration and image quality.

Question 47

Three parameters that describe the magnitude of a sound wave:

Answer 47

Amplitude, power, intensity.

Question 48

Amplitude is the ________ of a wave.

Answer 48

Bigness

Question 49

What are the units for amplitude ?

Answer 49

Any of the three acoustic variables Pascals kg/cm^3 distance

Question 50

In clinical imaging, pressure amplitude ranges from _____ pascals, to ________ pascals.

Answer 50

1 million to 3 million.

Question 51

How are period and frequency related?

Answer 51

inversely related.

Question 52

_____ is the rate of energy transfer or the rate at which work is performed.

Answer 52

Power

Question 53

Units for power ______.

Answer 53

watts

Question 54

In clinical imaging, typical powers range from ______ to ________ watts.

Answer 54

0.004 to 0.090. | 4 to 90 milliwatts.

Question 55

Power is determined only by _______ source.

Answer 55

Sound

Question 56

How are amplitude and power related?

Answer 56

Power is related to amplitude squared

Question 57

________ is the concentration of energy in a sound beam.

Answer 57

intensity

Question 58

What are the units of intensity ?

Answer 58

watts/cm^2

Question 59

Intensity is determined by the _____ only.

Answer 59

Sound

Question 60

In clinical imaging, intensity ranges from ____ to _____.

Answer 60

0.01 to 300 W/cm^2

Question 61

___________ is the distance or length of one complete cycle.

Answer 61

Wavelength

Question 62

What are the units of wavelength?

Answer 62

mm, meter or any units of length.

Question 63

In clinical imaging, wavelength in soft tissue ranges from __ to ___.

Answer 63

0.1 to 0.8 mm.

Question 64

What is wavelength determined by?

Answer 64

The sound source and the medium.

Question 65

What is the wavelength of 1 MHz sound in soft tissue?

Answer 65

1.54 mm

Question 66

______ is the rate at which a sound wave travels through a medium.

Answer 66

Propagation Speed

Question 67

what are the units for speed?

Answer 67

m/s or mm/us

Question 68

What is the typical values of the speed of sound in the body?

Answer 68

500 m/s to 4000 m/s.

Question 69

Speed is only determined by the ______.

Answer 69

medium.

Question 70

The speed of sound in soft tissue is _______>

Answer 70

1540 m/s.

Question 71

_________ and ________ are two characteristics that affect the speed of sound.

Answer 71

Stiffness and density.

Question 72

How are stiffness and speed related?

Answer 72

They are directly related.

Question 73

How are density and speed related?

Answer 73

inversely related.

Question 74

Bulk modulus is the same as _______.

Answer 74

stiffness.

Question 75

Elasticity and compressibility are the opposite of ______.

Answer 75

stiff.

Question 76

What is the equation for intensity?

Answer 76

I= p/a