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Child Studies > chapter 1, 2, 4 > Flashcards

chapter 1, 2, 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What do discourses stem out of?

A

Norms

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2
Q

According to Aries during what time did children start to look more child like in art depictions?

A

The Renaissance

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3
Q

What is pedagogy

A

Theory of teaching or educating or learning

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4
Q

What is eurocentrism?

A

The belief that european culture is the best or only culture

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5
Q

What is ethnocentrism?

A

The belief that a particular culture is the best or only culture

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6
Q

What is a discourse?

A

A way of thinking.

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7
Q

What is Ontology

A

The study of reality

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8
Q

Is child a discourse or ontology

A

Ontology

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9
Q

Are childhood a discourse or ontology

A

Discourse

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10
Q

What does trans mean

A

cross

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11
Q

What is agency?

A

The power and ability to be independent

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12
Q

Who are the 5 fathers of developmental theory

A

Sigmund Freud, Charles Darwin, Charles Cooley, John Watson, B.F Skinner

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13
Q

Who is the father of biological determinism

A

Charles Darwin

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14
Q

Who is the father of psychoanayltic theory

A

Sigmund Freud

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15
Q

Who are three major theorists that adopted constructivist approaches

A

Watson, skinner, & cooley

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16
Q

When does primary socialization occcur

A

During childhood

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17
Q

When does secondary socialization occur

A

Adulthood

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18
Q

What was the chance of dying in a residential school

A

1/25

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19
Q

What is childism

A

A prejudice against children that believes that they are property of adults

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20
Q

When was the united nations conventions on the rights of the child created

A

1989

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21
Q

The united nations conventions on the rights of the child stressed three P`s.. what are they

A

protection, provision, and participation

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22
Q

What two country’s did not sign the united nations convention on the rights of the child

A

The united states, and somalia

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23
Q

What are intrafamilial factors

A

factors that influence the life of a child, Focuses on the society within the family and home

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24
Q

What are extrafamilial factors

A

factors that influence the life of a child. Focuses on the society outside the family or home

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25
Q

Why is the nuclear family deminishing

A

new models of kinship

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26
Q

Who believed that maternal deprivation could have life long impacts on a person

A

John Bowlby

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27
Q

What is the family adaptation model

A

A theory that stresses that both parents must learn to balance work inside and outside of the home and that all members of the family adapt when raising a child.

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28
Q

Who created the bioecological theory of child development

A

Brofenbrenneur

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29
Q

What are the 5 layers in the bioecological theory of child development

A

micro system, meso system, Exo system, macro system, chrono system

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30
Q

What is the micro system

A

The smallest scale of social interaction. It is the most immediate form of interaction.

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31
Q

What is the meso system

A

It is the interaction between the micro system and the larger systems (how does the family and school interact)

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32
Q

What is the exosystem

A

It is the system that influences the life of the child but a system in which the child does not have a direct relationship with (parents work)

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33
Q

what is the macro system

A

The large scale of society and interaction. This includes things like culture and enthicity.

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34
Q

What is the chrono system

A

The system that looks at how the childs life is affected by socio historical events

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35
Q

What are the three parenting styles

A

Punitive, Authoritative, and uninvolved

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36
Q

Who has a theory of captial

A

Bourdieu

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37
Q

What are the three different kinds of capitals

A

cultural, economic, social

38
Q

What is cultural capital

A

Non- financial symbols of worth or assets (example a degree from oxford or clothing)

39
Q

What is economic capital

A

Monetary assets (having a big bank account)

40
Q

What is social capital

A

Group memberships, social networks and relationships

41
Q

what is capital

A

wealth

42
Q

Who was Omar Khadr

A

A canadian citizen who was 15 years old when he was taken by the us military and brought to Guatanamo bay and was charged for war crimes

43
Q

What does atricle 13 say in the un conventions on the rights of a child

A

Children have the right to freedom of expression

44
Q

What does article 16 say in the un conventions of the rights of a child

A

Children have the right to privacy

45
Q

What is the TRC

A

The truth and reconciliation comission

46
Q

How many children are recorded dead from residential schools according to the trc

A

over 6000

47
Q

Who said There is no such thing as a baby, if you set out to describe a baby you end up also describing its environment

A

Donald winnicott

48
Q

What is the new sociology of childhood

A

Viewing children as competent social agents, worthy of being theorized in their own right.

49
Q

Was Sigmund Freud a biological determinist

A

No

50
Q

What is the three part process of Cooley’s Looking Glass Self

A

First we imagine what we appear like to another person. Second, we imagine how that person judges us. Third we feel pride or shame about how the other person is judging us.

51
Q

What is George Herbert Mead’s term “I”

A

The biological basis of our existence.

52
Q

What is George Herbert Mead’s term for “me”

A

The learned and acquired social component that we learn through our interactions with others.

53
Q

Who created sociocultural theory

A

Lev Vygotsky

54
Q

What are the four main pillars or key commitments in the UN Conventions on the Rights of a Child.

A

1) The best interest of the child 2)survival and development 3) Children’s participation 4)Non- discrimination

55
Q

What were the four central themes in “A Canada Fit for Children”

A

Supporting families and strengthening communities, promoting healthy lives, protecting from harm, and promoting education and learning

56
Q

What are the four childhood discourses according to James et al

A

The tribal child, the social structural child, the minority group, and the socially constructed child

57
Q

What does bidirectional mean in regards to children and parents

A

That there is a transmission of values, beliefs, and behaviours that occur between children and parents.

58
Q

What was the common unidirectional belief about parents socializing children

A

Society/culture influenced the parents and then the parents influenced the children.

59
Q

Who wrote about simultaneity where both parents and children play a role in determining parenting styles and child outcomes

A

Burton et al

60
Q

When did the recognition of bidirectionally between parents and children occur

A

Since World War 2

61
Q

After world war 2 what happened to marriage rates

A

They increased

62
Q

After World War 2 what happened to births

A

Birth rates increased and women were having children at a younger age

63
Q

What is a baby boom

A

The demographic bulge of births occurring in this post war period

64
Q

In rural canada what was the role of women and children

A

They were to work the land alongside men

65
Q

In industrialized canada what was the role of women and men

A

To work in factories and both were required to contribute to the household as producers.

66
Q

What was the primary role of mothers after world war 2

A

to take care of children and enhance the home.

67
Q

What did being part of the middle class mean after the war

A

That one income (the males) was enough to provide for the family, and therefore women should stay at home.

68
Q

According to Bowlby, children under the age of what should not be separated from their mother for a prolonged period of time?

A

3

69
Q

In what year did the Canadian Census count same-sex- common law partners as families

A

2001

70
Q

What is the compensation model

A

Partners are expected to play more of a role in parenting their child to compensate for the mother being absent due to efforts in the work force.

71
Q

What was the role of fathers in colonial times

A

He was the disciplinarian, moral teacher, and head of household.

72
Q

What was the role of the father in the industrialized time

A

To be the breadwinner of the family

73
Q

What was the role of the father in the post war period

A

He had time for leisure so could play a role in the socialization of the child but was not expected to be the primary caregiver.

74
Q

What are the two main causes for stay at home dads

A

Underemployment, or affluence

75
Q

Fathers who delayed parenting until what age are more likely to be involved in their child’s life

A

35

76
Q

How does mothering change qualitatively as fathers become more involved

A

Mothers become less sensitive, and express more negative emotions

77
Q

According to Hoffman and Zhao what converging themes are similar between chinese and american parenting magazines

A

The role and importance of scientific expertise, individualism, and the importance of self expression.

78
Q

What is gender socialization

A

Being socialized to know what is properly masculine or feminine. We are socialized by our agents of socialization

79
Q

What is gender schema

A

An organized knowledge structure of gender conceptions and stereotypes formed from the cues around them

80
Q

Which parent is more likely to treat their child differently depending on whether it is a boy or girl

A

Father

81
Q

What gender has more boundary enforcement given by both mother and father

A

son/boy

82
Q

At what age are children able to associate feminine stereotyped names with females and vice/versa

A

3 1/2

83
Q

Who found that we judge babies differently based on whether we believe them to be female or male

A

Condry and Condry

84
Q

In an African American qualitative study done by Hill what did parents fear was the consequence of failing to teach masculinity

A

Homosexuality

85
Q

According to Kohn, what do the working class parents stress or focus on for their child

A

obedience, conformity, neatness, and orderliness

86
Q

According to Kohn, what do the middle class parents stress or focus on for their child

A

Independence, self reliance, and autonomy.

87
Q

What is the concerted cultivation model of parenting according to Lareau

A

It looks at how middle class parents deliberately cultivate their children’s talents in order to optimize their position in various aspect of life (including school, or sports)

88
Q

What is the natural growth model of parenting according to Lareau

A

It looks at how the working class parents focus on the accomplishment of natural growth

89
Q

Which parenting style is attributed to being low on responsiveness and low on expectations or control

A

Authoritarian or uninvolved.

90
Q

What parenting style is said to be highly disciplinary

A

Punitive

91
Q

Children raised from style of parenting are more likely to be aggressive and have lower levels of pro-social behaviour

A

Punitive

Child Studies (2 decks)

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