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English > Chapter 1-2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1-2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Rhetoric

A

The faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion

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2
Q

Audience

A

One or many of whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed

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3
Q

Context

A

Occasion or time and place a speech was written or spoken

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4
Q

Purpose

A

A goal the speaker or writer wants to achieve

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5
Q

Bias

A

Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue

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6
Q

Thesis, claim, assertion

A

Clear and focused statement

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7
Q

Subject

A

Topic addressed in a piece of writing

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8
Q

Speaker

A

Person who’s perspective is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing

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9
Q

Rhetoric/ Aristotelian triangle

A

Relationship among speaker, subject and audience

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10
Q

Persona

A

The character the speaker creates when he or she writes or speaks

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11
Q

Ethos

A

Speakers character showing credibility and trustworthy

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12
Q

Tone

A

Authors attitude toward the subject

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13
Q

Logos

A

Clear, main idea with specific details, example facts, statistical data, or expert testimony as support

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14
Q

Assumption

A

Underlying/unstated belief; belief taken for granted without proof

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15
Q

Counter argument

A

Objection to opposing views

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16
Q

Concede

A

Elements of an opposing argument are true

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17
Q

Refute

A

Discredit ab argument; or a counter argument

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18
Q

Pathos

A

Appealing to emotion

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19
Q

Analyzing argument

A

Identify the specific emotion that the author or speaker is appealing to

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20
Q

Connotations

A

Implications of feelings of a word

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21
Q

Propagandistic

A

Negative term for writing rather to sway opinion than present information

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22
Q

Polemic

A

Argument against an idea usually regarding philosophy, politics or religion

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23
Q

Satire

A

Ironic, sarcastic or witty composition that claims to argue for something but actually argues against it; often political

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24
Q

Arrangement

A

Organization of a piece; how an author sets up an argument

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25
Patterns of development
How the author builds an argument
26
Narration
Telling a story or recounting a series of events
27
Description
Emphasizes the senses by painting a picture of how something looks, sounds, smells, tastes or feels; to establish a mood or atmosphere
28
Process analysis
Explains how something works, how to do something or how something was done
29
Exemplification
Providing a series of examples, facts, specific cases of instances (to turn a general idea to a concrete one)
30
Compare and contrast
Juxtaposing(putting 2 things together to compare) two things to highlight their similarities and differences
31
Classification and division
Reader and writers can organize things into side by side categories
32
Definition
Lays the foundation to establish a common ground or identifying the areas of conflict
33
Cause and effect
Causes that lead to a certain effect or the effects that result from a cause
34
Induction
Series of specific examples that leads to a general conclusion
35
Close reading
Analysis of a text
36
Colloquialisms
Informal or conversational use of language
37
Style
Distinctive quality of language or writing created by selection of words in speech
38
Diction
Word choice
39
Syntax
Arrangement of words
40
Trope
Artful diction
41
Metaphor
Implicit comparison/one thing is spoken of as though it were something else
42
Simile
Comparison using like or as
43
Personification
Giving human qualities to something not human
44
Hyperbole
Exaggeration
45
Scheme
Artful syntax; skillful arrangement of words
46
Apostrophe
Addressing something as human that is not human or there
47
Parallelism
Religion of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns
48
Juxtaposition
Placement of 2 things side by side for emphasis or comparison
49
Antithesis
Parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas
50
Figures of speech
Expression that strives for literacy effect rather than conveying literal meaning
51
Periodic
A sentence that builds toward and ends with the main clause
52
Cumulative
Independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases that supply additional detail
53
Annotation
Reading with pencil or pen and talking to the text
54
Thesis statement
A statement of the central idea in a work
55
Topic sentences
Sentence at the beginning of a paragraph that announces the paragraph idea and unites with thesis
56
Imagery
Vivid use of land have that evokes a readers senses
57
Oxymoron
Figure of speech that combines 2 contradictory terms (adjective and noun composition example: bitter sweet)
58
Dialectical journal
Double entry notebook
59
Zeugma
A construction in which one word (usually a verb) modifies or governs - often indifferent sometimes incongruent ways - 2 or more words in a sentence
60
Graphic organizer
Another way to organize thoughts about specific text; using paragraph divisions in text as natural breaking points that reveal interesting style choices
61
Antecedent
Word that comes before what it is meant for
62
Archaic
Old fashioned
63
Complex sentences
Sentence that contains a subordinate clause
64
Declarative sentences
Sentences that make statements
65
Anaphora
Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses or lines
66
Horative
Language that urges or calls to action
67
Imperative
Making a command
68
Antimetabole
Repetition of words in a reverse order
69
Metonym
Using a single feature to represent the whole

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