Chapter 1&2 Vocab and Objectives

Question 1

disorders that involve both the cranium (portion of skull that encases the brain) and the face, which would include a wide variety of conditions ranging from heredity to accidents

Answer 1

craniofacial disorders

Question 2

loss of mineral from the tooth because of bacterial acids, acid foods (soft drinks, acid juices, etc.), or even toothbrushing abrasion

Answer 2

demineralization

Question 3

method used to diagnose a condition

Answer 3

diagnostic modality

Question 4

pertaining to populations within society that have significant rates of disease and health

Answer 4

health disparities

Question 5

involvement that does not extend beyond the site of origin

Answer 5

in situ

Question 6

a pre-caries lesion that exists before cavitation. Seen on the enamel as a “white spot”. It can be remineralized

Answer 6

incipient lesions

Question 7

the beginning stages of demineralization

Answer 7

noninvasive caries

Question 8

an infection caused by pathogens that usually do not cause disease in a healthy immune system

Answer 8

opportunistic infections

Question 9

when undermined tooth enamel has deminerlaized into a carious lesion

Answer 9

overt cavitation

Question 10

removal of soft and hard deposits from teeth using manual or ultrasonic dental instruments

Answer 10

periodntal debridement

Question 11

: presence of pathogenic dental plaque on the surfaces of teeth cause both caries and periodontal disease

Answer 11

plaque diseases

Question 12

employs strategies and agents to forestall the onset of disease, reverse the progress of disease, or arrest the disease process before secondary preventive treatment becomes necessary

Answer 12

primary prevention

Question 13

focuses on the preventive aspects of the dental hygiene sciences and emphasizes the use of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities to prevent disease

Answer 13

primary preventive care

Question 14

: the replacement of tooth mineral (hydroxyapatite) that has been lost by demineralization. The minerals needed for the remineralization are derived from the saliva (or from manmade products)

Answer 14

remineralization

Question 15

employs routine treatment methods to terminate a disease process and/or restore tissues to as near normal as possible and can be termed restorative care.

Answer 15

secondary prevention

Question 16

: patient involvement in the control of plaque

Answer 16

self-care

Question 17

: a pathological condition resulting from a disease, injury, or other trauma

Answer 17

sequelae

Question 18

: restricting sugar intake as to decrease chances of decay

Answer 18

sugar discipline

Question 19

employs measures necessary to replace lost tissues and rehabilitation also termed reconstructive care

Answer 19

tertiary prevention

Question 20

method of applying or using any therapeutic agent

Answer 20

therapeutic modality

Question 21

first college textbook on preventive dentistry was written by Fones

Answer 21

“preventive Dentistry for Dental Students” in 1925. States mouth is the show window in which body displays its physical wares

Question 22

over 1/3 of US population

Answer 22

has no access to community water fluoridation

Question 23

over 108 million

Answer 23

children and adults lack dental insurance in US

Question 24

categories that aid in classifying diseases

Answer 24

dental caries and periodontal disease
acquired oral conditions other than dental caries and periodontal disease caused by microorganism that can become capable of causing disease when host’s resistance impaired
craniofacial disorders that involve both cranium and face

Question 25

describe risk assessment in dental care delivery

Answer 25

can help predict a patient's risk of disease and improve clinical decision making

Question 26

stages in plaque diseases

Answer 26

in situ incipient overt

Question 27

hippocratic oath

Answer 27

health providers take upon graduation: | "to render help to those in need, and to do no harm"

Question 28

t/f primary prevention uses strategies and agents to prevent the onset of disease, reverse the progress of disease, or arrest the dierese process before secondary prevention becomes necessary whereas secondary prevention uses routine treatment methods to terminate a disease process and/or restore tissues to as nearly normal as possible

Answer 28

true

Question 29

initial demineralized tooth structure is referred to as which type of lesion

Answer 29

incipient

Question 30

oral diseases are common in society and are progressive and _______ and become more complex over time

Answer 30

cumulative

Question 31

factor in both periodontal diseases and decay

Answer 31

plaque

Question 32

methods can reduce occurrence of dental decay and periodontal diseases

Answer 32

plaque removal interventions

Question 33

L in LEARN

Answer 33

listen with sympathy and understanding

Question 34

E in LEARN

Answer 34

Explain your perception of the problem

Question 35

A in LEARN

Answer 35

acknowledge and discuss the differences and similarities

Question 36

R in LEARN

Answer 36

recommend treatment

Question 37

N in LEARN

Answer 37

negotiate agreement

Question 38

what term describes a conceptual framework that has relevance in health, education, and practice that all individuals, groups, and organizations have

Answer 38

culture

Question 39

obligation to engage in the process of cultural competence as a professional responsibility grounded in societal expectation. dental providers can demonstrate respect for cultural differences by acknowledging that a patient's beliefs and values on preventive care may be different from their own

Answer 39

true and true

Question 40

from a legal perspective, culturally competent care on the part of the oral healthcare provider can decrease the likelihood of what

Answer 40

liability or malpractice claims

Question 41

describes the ability of oral health professionals as they enter their respective professions

Answer 41

competency

Question 42

ways to pursue cultural competency for a lifetime

Answer 42

continuing education

Question 43

biomedical model of western medicine

Answer 43

germs cause disease

Question 44

american navajo culture

Answer 44

believes that simply mentioning an illness will cause it

Question 45

emphasize disturbance of balance in body, spirit possession, soul loss, or breach of taboos as basis for illness and disease

Answer 45

other cultures

Question 46

asia

Answer 46

balance believed to exist in everything in the universe and translated as hot (yin) and cold (yang)

Question 47

treatment for illness consists of

Answer 47

restoring balance to some cultures

Question 48

how do cultural beliefs influence preventive dental care

Answer 48

Some people do not seek healthcare unless they define the condition as seriously “wrong” even when they experience pain. Some people believe that healthy gums bleed Some people are culturally sensitive Miscommunication can influence trust and create stress and uncertainty for a patient

Question 49

relationship between cultural competence and health outcomes

Answer 49

Culturally competent care is patient-centered care. It is getting to know the culture of your patient and understanding their beliefs. The LEARN model is used for guidelines to learn about your patient From a legal perspective, culturally competent care on the part of the oral healthcare provider can decrease the likelihood of liability or malpractice claims

Question 50

integrated patterns of human behavior that include language, thoughts, communication, actions, customs, beliefs, values, race, ethnic, religion

Answer 50

culture

Question 51

: facilitates effective patient-centered interactions, more involvement of patients in their own preventive healthcare, and improved health outcomes for all cultural groups

Answer 51

cultural competence

Question 52

diversity of people from different cultures existing within a population

Answer 52

cultural diversity

Question 53

: the balance of cultural group representation within a population

Answer 53

cultural group representation

Question 54

the inclusion of an individual into a community, group, or society structure

Answer 54

inclusiveness

Question 55

: a patient’s understanding of the cause of illness, what is the expected treatment, the role of the sick individual, and how the illness affects his or her life

Answer 55

patient's explanatory model