Chapter 1-3 Flashcards by Bryn Featherstone

What type of license must you hold before you can apply for a commercial license, a heavy trailer endorsement, or a house trailer endorsement?

Class 5

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What is a special activity bus?

A special activity bus is operated for a school, and does not run on a set schedule

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What is a special vehicle?

A special vehicle has a seating capacity of 10 or fewer people(including the driver), is designed or modified to provide public transportation for people with disabilities

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What is ride-hailing?

Transportation network services, connects drivers to passengers, who book and pay through an app

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Applicants who need contacts or glasses must ______

They must use those lenses during their vision screenings

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Applicants who fail to qualify on the air brake knowledge test after 3 attempts must ______

Complete or repeat an approved 7 hour air brake training course

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How long are air brake knowledge test results valid for?

1 year

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Every carrier you work for is required to check your driving record when?

Before hiring you, and once a year after hiring you

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Who is responsible for ensuring that your vehicle is properly insured for your road test?

You are responsible

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What does The National Safety Code do?

The National Safety Code sets out minimum safety standards for all commercial drivers, vehicles and carriers in Canada

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The final factor in stopping is the contact between ______

The vehicle and the road through the tires

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What kinds of vehicles require the driver to have an air brake endorsed driver’s license in order to operate them?

Any vehicle with air-over-hydraulic brakes
Vehicles with air brakes on the highway

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Which driver license classes allow you to operate a school bus

Class 2 and 4 unrestricted

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What are the steps to obtain an air brake endorsement

-complete air brake course
-study
-apply
-make appointment
-take air brake pre-trip
-inspection test
-receive temporary license

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What classes of license/endorsements allow you to operate a trailer equipped with air brakes weighing over 4,600kg

Class 1 license, code 18, and 19 endorsement

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What is reaction time?

The time it takes between recognizing a hazard ahead and applying the brakes

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What is an average driver’s reaction time?

¾ of a second

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What is the basic principle behind braking systems?

Friction converts the energy of motion to heat energy

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Driver’s perception time + reaction time + brake lag time + braking time =

Total stopping time

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What can cause the total stopping time to be longer?

Brakes that are incorrectly adjusted or when the vehicle is on a downgrade

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What is the most common air brake defect found during a commercial vehicle inspection?

Brakes that are out of adjustment

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Total stopping distance or time depends on the ability of the _____ or _____ to produce friction, the brake drums to dissipate heat, and the tires to grip the road

Brake linings or pads

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What are the two top factors assigned to commercial drivers involved in police reported casualty crashes?

Driving without due care and attention, and unsafe speed

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Brake fade occurs when ______

Your brakes stop working properly because they are overheated

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Most brake components operate best at _____°C and should not exceed ______°C

120°C 250°C

RPM stands for ____

Revolutions per minute

What provides an auxiliary slowing effect and assists the main brake system to slow the vehicle?

Retarder

RPM refers to the number of ____ the _____ makes in one minute

Complete turns the crankshaft makes

Frequent use of the service brakes will cause them to heat up and reduce their stopping ability. What dangerous condition can be a result of this?

Brake fade

Engine retarders are most effective at a ____ rpm, and with the transmission in a ____ gear

Higher rpm Low gear

Always ____ the regulatory stop and check brakes signs

Obey

What is it called when a tractor and the trailer form an angle of 90 degrees or less, relative to one another?

Full jackknife

What's the final factor that will determine if the vehicle will move?

Traction between the tires and the road surface

How is brake heat dissipated?

Brake heat is dissipated by the brake drums and rotors

If the weight of the vehicle is doubled, how many times must the stopping power be increased?

What causes brake fade?

Brake fade occurs when your brakes stop working properly because they are overheated

What can cause jackknifing?

Poor braking techniques

What's one of the hazards of stopping a tractor/trailer combination?

Jackknifing

When should a retarding device be used?

While going down a hill

What's brake lag time?

Approximately 4/10ths of a second between when you apply the brake and when the brakes begin to function

What's the difference between ABS and ATC

ABS stops your wheels from locking up when you are braking, and ATC stops your wheels from spinning while accelerating

Driving conditions are affected by:

-road conditions -vehicle conditions -your physical and mental condition -traffic conditions -lighting conditions -weather conditions

How long of a following distance should you leave when driving a bus, truck or heavy vehicle?

At least 5 seconds

How many seconds of distance should you leave when driving a taxi, a limousine, van or ambulance?

At least 2 seconds

What does traffic flow refer to?

The movement of a group of vehicles traveling on one road

The distance between the front wheels and the rear wheels of a vehicle is called?

Wheelbase

The grip created between a vehicle's tires and the road is called?

Traction

What type of mirrors make things look smaller and farther away than they actually are?

Convex or spot mirrors

By looking ahead, keeping good space margins, and anticipating road hazards, you can avoid _____ and _____

Sudden stops and changes in speed

Failure to change lanes and/or slow down when passing a stopped vehicle displaying flashing lights may result in ____

A traffic violation and penalty points

What is it called when the engine is operated below peak torque for any length of time?

Lugging

Why should you never use a trailer hand valve to hold an unattended unit?

Over time the air may drain away and the brakes may release

Spring brakes are effective only when ___

When the brakes are correctly adjusted

The maximum speed in a lane or alley is _____ unless otherwise posted

20km/h

What can happen if you reduce a tires air pressure when it's warm?

You may upset the cooling balance and cause the tire to generate more heat

Driving at 110km/h can reduce tread life by ____ per cent compared to driving at 90km/h

20%

Rust streaks on the rim may indicate a _______ or ______

Loose lug nut or cracks in the rim

Wheel separations are usually caused by loose ______ or broken _______, or by ______

Loose wheel fasteners or broken wheels/rims, or by wheel bearing failure

You must have a permit from Commercial Vehicle Safety and Enforcement before you mount _____ lights on a vehicle

Amber flashing

It's estimated that the correct use of a lap and shoulder belt system reduces the likelihood of death in a motor vehicle crash by ______ per cent

50%

Why should a commercial vehicle travel in the right(slower) lane of traffic?

Commercial vehicles accelerate slower, travel slower, and are unable to keep up with traffic flow

As your speed increases, the length of your danger zone increases. What other conditions increase the length of your danger zone?

Less than ideal road conditions, such as rain, snow, ice and gravel

What determines the amount of off track a vehicle will have?

The difference between the path of the front wheels and the path of the rear wheels will determine the amount of off track the vehicle will have

Why is it dangerous to allow the rear wheels of your vehicle to cross the center line of the roadway when you negotiate a left turn or curve?

The left side of your vehicle may hit another vehicle in the intersection or run over a median because of off tracking

What are the risks of running rear wheels over curbs when making sharp turns to the right?

You might damage your tires or seriously injure pedestrians or cyclists

What precautions must you take before and while you are making a turn?

Reduce your speed, be in a proper gear, for a right turn position the vehicle one to two meters from the curb, for a left turn put your front wheels to the right edge of the lane

What should a driver do before entering a narrow bridge from a curved approach?

Use the information about the amount of off track your vehicle displays to adjust your speed and approach to the curve

What are some of the steps you can take to help avoid crashes when backing up?

Check several times for a clear path, avoid backing into traffic, use a guide if possible, sound your horn at least once a vehicle length

How can the area of air turbulence around your vehicle endanger other users on the road?

Other users of the road can be forced off the roadway, or get drawn into your vehicle

As a professional driver, what can you do to help other drivers safely pass your vehicle?

You can help by reducing your speed and giving them room to pass safely

What vehicles must stop at all uncontrolled railroad crossings?

-school busses carrying children -buses carrying passengers -vehicles transporting explosive, poisonous or flammable substances as cargo or as part of their cargo -vehicles used to transport combustibles or corrosive liquids, or liquefied petroleum gas, whether empty or loaded

What are the dangers of driving a vehicle with underinflated tires?

Tire damage or even blowout because of excessive heat build up

How does the Motor Vehicle Act Regulations define a defective tire?

-have any tread damage including cuts, cracks or snags that are longer than 2.5 cm and deep enough to expose the ply cords -have less than 3mm of tread on front tire, or 1.6mm on rear tire on a vehicle with a GVW of 5500kg or more -less than 1.6 mm on a trailer -less than 3.5 mm on a winter tire

What do you do if your commercial vehicle becomes disabled?

Move it as far off the traveled portion of the highway as possible. Place warning devices approximately 30m ahead and 30m behind the disabled vehicle

Which types of commercial vehicles are required to carry fire extinguishers?

-limited passenger vehicles that have an authorized seating capacity of more than 10 -all public passenger vehicles -all school buses -vehicles transporting explosives must carry 2 fire extinguishers

Peak torque is _____

Found at a lower engine speed than peak horsepower