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Medical Assistant > Chapter 1 & 33 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 & 33 Flashcards

1
Q

Asepsis

A

the state of being free of germs

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2
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

destruction of pathogens after they leave the body

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3
Q

Surgical Asepsis

A

destruction of pathogens before they leave the body

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4
Q

Removal of PPE

A
  • gloves
  • goggles
  • gown
  • mask
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5
Q

chain of infection

A
  • reservoir host
  • portal of exit
  • means of transmission
  • portal of entry
  • susceptible host
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6
Q

list the four types of microorganisms

A
  • bacteria
  • protozoa
  • virus
  • fungi
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7
Q

In order to grow MICROORGANISMS

A
  • food
  • moisture
  • darkness
  • temperature
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8
Q

aerobic

A

requires oxygen to live

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9
Q

anaerobic

A

does not require oxygen to live

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10
Q

MDRO are referred to?

Three examples of MDROs

A

Super bugs because they do not respond to traditional medications and treatments

MRSA (Methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus)
VRE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci)
VRSA (Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus)

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11
Q

MRSA is an organism resistant to

A

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is resist to ANTIBIOTICS

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12
Q

Two forms of MRSA

A

Hospital associated MRSA and Community based MRSA

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13
Q

Vancomycin resistant enterococci

A

Spread by direct contact and are resistant to Vanocmycin after all other antibiotics have failed

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14
Q

Stages and Types of Infection

IMIPAR

A 
Invasion period
Multiplication period
Incubation period
Prodromal period
Acute period 
Recovery period
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15
Q

how long do Acute infections take

A

body can rid itself from 3 weeks to about 5 weeks

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16
Q

What are chronic infections

A

lifelong infections that transition from invasion to prodromal period

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17
Q

What are latent infections

A

characterized by period of remission and relapse.

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18
Q

opportunistic infections

A

an infection that takes advantage when host’s immune system is already impaired

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19
Q

What a nosocomial infection and the common types

A

and infection acquired at a medical facility. Bloodstream, urinary, and surgical site infections are most common.

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20
Q

Inflammatory response

A

Dilation of blood vessels, production of watery fluids, invasion of neurophils and monocytes.

Can be local or systematic

21
Q

Four Cardinal signs of acute inflammation

A

Redness
heat
swelling
pain

22
Q

Body’s natural barriers

A

Skin
mucous membranes
Lyphatic system and the blood

23
Q

Phagocytosis is

A

process of engulfing, digesting, and destroying pathogens.

24
Q

Universal precautions serve to protect health care workers and patients from

A

hiv, hpv, blood borne pathogens.

The idea is to treat all blood and bodily fluids as contaminated

25
Standard precautions apply to all
Blood body fluid, secretions, and excretions except sweat
26
Standard precautions general topics
- Hand Hygiene - PPE as appropriate - Respiratory Hygiene/ -Cough Etiquette - Safe Injection Practices - Masks
27
what are transmission based precautions
Airborne, Droplet, Contact
28
Airborne Precautions involve
patient isolation, required use of mask and gown
29
Droplet precautions involve
spread of droplets during coughing, sneezing, talking. Gown and gloves should be worn
30
Contact precations are used when
infections are difficult to treat and transmission is high. | Patient isolation is required, mask and gown and eyewear should be worn.
31
OSHA lists these in an exposure control plan
an exposure plan, use of engineering controls, employment of work practice controls, exposure determination, methods of compliance, post exposure evaluation.
32
Difference between virus and bacteria
Bacteria can live in and outside of the body while a virus needs a host to survive
33
Sanitization is
a cleaning process that inhibits or inactivates pathogens through the careful cleaning of equipment and instruments to remove debris. Items are place in a neutral pH detergent, rinsed in hot water and air dried
34
Disinfection
Destorys or inhibts the ACTIVITY of disease-causing organisms. does NOT always kill spores or viruses
35
Sterilization is a process that
kills all microorganisms. with heat it can kill spores bacteria and other microorganisms.
36
List four types of auto clave
Steam under pressure Dry heat (320 deg f) Dry gas Radiation
37
High heat maintenance with autoclave
requires 15lbs of psi and 250 - 270 deg F. Heat is transferred to the items by way of steam condensation through use of distilled water
38
List commonly used wrapping materials with autoclave
Heavy paper Muslin Plastic Stainless Steel Container
39
What is used to secure packages an changes _____ to indicate high exposure to high temps?
autoclave indicator tape that changes color
40
What is placed inside the wrappers of packages and color changes on the strip indicating completion of sterilization process
Autoclave indicator strips
41
Labeling of autoclave packages
date of sterilization items within the packet individual who prepared packet
42
Instruments are considered sterile for
21 days in plastic and 30 days in muslin
43
Professional Qualities of a good medical assistant. | CCCDEIPP
``` Confidentiality Competence Congeniality Discretion Empathetic Integrity Punctual Proactive ```
44
MA certifying organizations
AAMA AMT NCCT NHA
45
Hepatitis A means of transmission, incubation period and symptoms
Fecal/oral route such as food contaminated with fecal material 14 to 50 days and fever loss of appetite dark urine and whitish stools
46
Hepatitis B means of transmission, incubation period and symptoms
contact with contaminated body fluids, incluiding blood semen and saliva 60 - 90 days rapid onset. Fever loos of appetite jaundice nausea. 30 percent of individuals have o signs or symptom. scarring of liver, liver cancer or failure and death.
47
Hepatitis C means of transmission, incubation period and symptoms
contaminated needles and passed from mother to baby 6 - 10 weeks 80 percent show no signs or symptoms but mimic HAV and HBV
48
HIV and AIDS
symptoms before the development of AIDS include loss of appetite, weight loss, diarrhea, skin rash, fatigue, night sweats, swollen lymph glands, poor resistance to infection.

Medical Assistant (5 decks)

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