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Abnormal Psychology > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Hippocrates view of abnormal behavior?

A

Abnormal behavior as a physical disease

Hysteria “the wandering uterus”

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2
Q

Who extended hippocrates work on abnormal behavior?

A

Galen

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3
Q

Describe theGalenic-Hippocratic tradition

A

Linked abnormality with brain chemical imbalances

Foreshadowed modern views

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4
Q

when wasGeneral paresis (syphilis) and the biological link with madness

A

19th century

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5
Q

who discovered the cause of syphilis – a bacterial microorganism

A

Pastuer

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6
Q

___ is a successful treatment on syphilis?

A

Penicillin

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7
Q

Who began mental illness reform in the US during the 19th century?

A

John P. Grey- Championed biological tradition in the U.S.

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8
Q

in the 19th century mental illness began to be seen as what?

A

physical ilness

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9
Q

What was Emil Kraepelin credited with

A

Diagnosis and classification

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10
Q

before the 19th century treatments for mental illnesses were very ____

A

crude

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11
Q

Proponents of moral therapy had contributions from whom?

A

Philippe Pinel and Jean Baptiste Pussin
Benjamin Rush- Led Reforms in U.S.
Dorothea Dix- mental hygiene movement
William Tuke-followed pinel’s lead in England

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12
Q

Freudian theory of the structure and function of the mind

A

Unconscious
Catharsis
Psychoanalytic model

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13
Q

Define Id?

A

(pleasure principle; illogical, emotional, irrational

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14
Q

Define Ego.

A

(reality principle; logical and rational)

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15
Q

define Superego

A

(moral principles; keeps id and ego in balance)

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16
Q

Defense mechanisms in the brain cause

A

ego loses the battle with the id and superego

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17
Q

Psychosexual stages of development

A

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages

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18
Q

type of thinking going on in the Superego is

A

conscience and driven by moral principles

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19
Q

type of thinking going on in the Ego Mediator is?

A

logical and rational and driven by the reality principle

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20
Q

type of thinking going on in the id

A

biological; emotional and irrational and driven by the pleasure principle

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21
Q

Anna Freud and self-psychology

Study These Flashcards
A

Emphasized influence of the ego in defining behavior

22
Q

Melanie Klein, Otto Kernberg, and object relations theory

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A

Emphasized how children incorporate (introject) objects

Objects – images, memories, and values of significant others

23
Q

The “Neo-Freudians”: Departures from Freudian thought

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A

De-emphasized the sexual core of Freud’s theory

Jung, Adler, Horney, Fromm, and Erickson

24
Q

Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy is?

Study These Flashcards
A

the talking cure

25
what arehidden intrapsychic conflicts
“The real problems”
26
is there a lot of evidence supporting the effectiveness of psychoanalytic psychotherapy (talking)?
no
27
who is a major play in the humanistic theory?
Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers
28
what are the major themes of humanistic theory?
People are basically good | Humans strive toward self-actualization
29
classical conditioning and the behavior model are best known by__ and ___
Pavlov and Watson
30
how does Operant conditioning work?
Reinforcement Another ubiquitous form of learning Voluntary behavior is controlled by consequences
31
Who was an early pioneer of behavior therapy?
Joseph Wolpe – systematic desensitization
32
Is there strong evidence supporting behavior therapy?
Strong evidence supporting the efficacy of behavior therapies
33
Unidimensional accounts of psychopathology are
incomplete.
34
Defining abnormal behavior is a ___, ____, and ____ process
Complex, multifaceted, and has evolved
35
The supernatural tradition
Has no place in a science of abnormal behavior
36
is there a single definition of psychological normality?
no
37
what three criteria must be present to define a psychological disorder?
psychological dysfunction distress or impairment atypical response
38
definePsychological dysfunction
Breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning
39
define personal distress
Difficulty performing appropriate and expected rolesImpairment is set in the context of a person’s background
40
define atypical or not culturally expected response.
Reaction is outside cultural norms
41
define abnormal behavior.
A psychological dysfunction associated with distress or impairment in functioning that is not typical or culturally expected
42
what is the field of psychopathology
The scientific study of psychological disorders
43
who make upMental health professionals
The Ph.D.: Clinical and counseling psychologist The Psy.D.: Clinical and counseling “Doctor of Psychology” The Ed.D.: Clinical and counseling “Doctor of Education M.D.: Psychiatrist Psychiatric social worker Psychiatric nurse Family therapists
44
what does a scientist practitioner do?
Stays current with research in field Evaluates own assessment and treatment Conducts research
45
Three major categories make up the study and discussion of psychological disorders.
Focus: Clinical Description Causation (etiology) Treatment and outcome
46
what is included in a clinical description?
Begins with the presenting problem Description aims to: Distinguish clinically significant dysfunction from common human experience Describe prevalence and incidence of disordersDescribe onset of disorders Acute vs. insidious onset Describe course of disorders Episodic, time-limited, or chronic course PrognosisBegins with the presenting problem
47
what is included in causation, treatment, and outcome
Etiology What contributes to the development of psychopathology? Treatment development How can we help alleviate psychological suffering? Includes pharmacologic, psychosocial, and/or combined treatmentsTreatment outcome research How do we know that we have helped? Limited in specifying actual causes of disorders
48
Historical Conceptions of Abnormal Behavior
Major psychological disorders have existed in all cultures and across all time periods. Causes and treatment of abnormal behavior vary widely across cultures, time periods, world views.
49
what are 3 historical conceptions of abnormal behavior over the years?
Three dominant traditions Supernatural Biological Psychological
50
Mass hysteria | examples
Saint Vitus’s Dance and Tarantism
51
Modern Mass hysteria examples
Emotion contagion | Mob psychology
52
The moon and the stars | and abnormal behavior
Paracelsus and lunacy

Abnormal Psychology (5 decks)

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