Chapter 1

Question 1

alternative hypothesis

Answer 1

A specific statement of prediction that usually states what you expect will happen in your study

Question 2

anonymity

Answer 2

The assurance that no one, including the researchers, will be able to link data to a specific individual.

Question 3

attribute

Answer 3

A specific value of a variable. For instance, the variable sex or gender has two attributes: male and female

Question 4

cause construct

Answer 4

Your abstract idea or theory of what the cause is in a cause-effect relationship you are investigating.

Question 5

conclusion vadility

Answer 5

The degree to which conclusions you reach about relationships in your data are reasonable.

Question 6

confidentiality

Answer 6

An assurance made to study participants that identifying information about them acquired through the study will not be released to anyone outside of the study.

Question 7

constructivist

Answer 7

Constructivist are people who hold a philosophical position that maintains that reality is a conceptual construction. In constructivism, the emphasis is placed on understanding how we construe the world. Constructivists may be realists (believe there is an external reality that we imperfectly apprehend and construct our view of) or subjectivists (believe that all constructions are mediated by subjective experience).

Question 8

correlational relationship

Answer 8

Two variables that perform in a synchronized manner.

Question 9

critiacal realism

Answer 9

The belief that there is an external reality independent of a person’s thinking (realism) but that we can never know that reality with perfect accuracy (critical).

Question 10

cross sectional

Answer 10

A study that takes place at a single point in time

Question 11

Deductive

Answer 11

TOP-DOWN reasoning that works for the more general to the more specific

Question 12

dependant varible

Answer 12

the varible affected by the independant varible. THE OUTCOME

Question 13

ecological fallacy

Answer 13

Faulty reasoning the results from making conclusions about individuals based only on ananlyses of the group data

Question 14

Concept mapping

Answer 14

Two dimensional graphs of a group’s ideas where ideas that are more similar are located closer together and those judged less similar are more distant. Concept maps are often used by a group to develop a conceptual framework for a research project.

Question 15

effect construct

Answer 15

Your abstract idea or theoryof what the outcome is in a cause-effect relationship you are investigating