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Oral Anatomy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the name of the bone that supports the most superior teeth in most mammals?

A

Maxilla

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2
Q

Dentition

A

All of the teeth in the mouth together

  • primary “= baby teeth
  • Secondary “= permeant teeth
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3
Q

Maxillary Arch

A

Teeth in the upper jaw bone that form an arch shape

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4
Q

Mandibular Arch

A

Teeth in the lower jaw bone “

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5
Q

Arch Quadrants

A

Each arch can be divided in half creating the quadrants of the mouth

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6
Q

Primary (deciduous) dentition

A

Per Quadrant: 2 Incisors (I), 1 Canine (C), 2 Molars (M)

TWENTY TEETH IN ALL

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7
Q

Central incisor (1*)

A

The primary incisor located closest to the midline

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8
Q

Lateral incisor (1*) + remainder

A

Incisor lateral to the central incisor

-followed by canine, then first and second molars

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9
Q

Posterior vs anterior teeth (1*)

A

the first molar marks the beginning of posterior teeth

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10
Q

Secondary Dentition

A

32 teeth in all

  • 2 incisors (I), 1 canine (C), 2 Premolars (P), 3 Molars (M)
    - per quadrant
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11
Q

Premolars

A

(1 & 2) are positioned in a space previously occupied by primary molars

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12
Q

Posterior vs Anterior (2*)

A 
Posterior = Premolars and molars
Anterior = Canines and incisors
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13
Q

Universal numbering system

A

2: 1-32 starting at right maxillary 3rd molar- ending right mandibular 3rd molar
1: Starting and ending same place, but denoted as letters of the alphabet A-T

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14
Q

World Dental Federation Numbering System

A

A two digit numbering system

  • 1st digit denotes arch, quadrant, and type of dentition (1-4 2* & 5-8 2*)
  • 2nd Digit denotes the specific tooth’s distance from the midline (1-8: 1 being the central incisor, 8 being the 3rd molar)
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15
Q

Palmer Notation system

A
  • Used by many orthodontists and oral surgeons
  • utilizies four different bracket shapes to denote each of the four quadrants.
  • The bracket surrounds a number or a letter which denotes the specific tooth
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16
Q

Enamel

A

95% calcium hydroxyapatite, 5% water and organic matrix

-develops from specialized epithelial cells called ameloblasts

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17
Q

Cementum

A

65% calcium hydroxyapatite, 35% organic matter, 12% water. Thinnest near the the CEJ (cervix)
-about as hard as bone, produced by cells called cementoblasts

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18
Q

Dentin

A
  • Hard yellowish tissue underlying the enamel and cementum
  • 70% Calcium hydroxyapatite, 18% organic matter, 12% water
  • harder than cementum and less brittle than enamel
  • odontoblasts located at pulp-dentin junction
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19
Q

Cementodentinal junction

A

cementum is so thin that its hard to identify the CEJ on a radiograph

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20
Q

Functions of dental pulp

A
  1. Formative: odontoblasts produce secondary dentin throughout the life of the tooth
  2. Sensory: nerves relay the sense of pain caused a plethora of stimuli, can’t distinguish
  3. Nutritive: BVs transport nutrients from the bloodstream to the cells of the pulp
  4. Defensive or protective: responds to injury or decay, lays down reparative dentin (odontoblasts)
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21
Q

Clinical crown

A

refers specifically to the visible tooth

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22
Q

Anatomical crown

A

tooth that lies superior to the CEJ

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23
Q

Periodontium

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A

supporting tissues of the teeth and mouth

-surrounding alveolar bone, gingiva, periodontal ligament

24
Q

Gingiva

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A
  • only part of the periodontium visible in a healthy mouth
    1. Attached g.- bound to the alveolar bone
    2. free g.- collar of thin gingiva that surrounds each tooth
25
Gingival sulcus
potential space between the tooth and the free gingiva
26
Gingival margin (free gingival margin)
edge of the gingiva closest to the chewing surfaces of the tooth
27
Interdental (interproximal) papilla
part of the margin of free gingiva that extends between the teeth -healthy papilla comes to a point where adjacent teeth make contact
28
Periodontal ligament
connects cementum surface of tooth root to the alveolar bone
29
Proximal surfaces
are the sides of the tooth generally next to an adjacent tooth -either distal or mesial
30
External Line Angle
Junction line where two tooth surfaces meet -to name: combine the names of the two surfaces and remove the -al prefix replacing it with -o. -order used when combining terms [mesial, distal, facial (labial or buccal), lingual, occlusal or incisal]
31
Point angles
junctions of three tooth surfaces at a point | -ex: mesiobuccalocclusal point angle
32
3 dimensions of a tooth
mesiodistal, faciolingual, and occlusocervial ( can also be cervicoapical)
33
Horizontal Thirds
when viewing facial, lingual, distal, mesial Crown: Cervical, middle, occlusal (incisal) Root: cervical, middle, apical
34
Vertical thirds
when viewing facial or lingual Crown: mesial, middle, distal when viewing medial or distal side Crown: Facial, middle, lingual When view occlusal and lines running mediodistally Crown: facial , middle, lingual When viewi occlusal and lines running faciolingually Crown: mesial, middle, distal
35
Root-to-Crown Ratio
root length divided by the crown length - normally greater than 1 - significant since a teeth with a small root-to-crown ratio is the not the best choice for attaching and supporting false teeth
36
Maxillary Central Incisor
Longest Crown
37
Longest Tooth
maxillary Canine
38
Widest Crown
mandibular first molar
39
Narrowest Crown
mandibular central incisor
40
Cusp
rounded pyramid with four ridges 1. Mesial (cusp) ridge 2. Distal ridge 3. Facial ridge 4. Triangular ridge
41
Transverse (Oblique) Ridge
two triangular ridges joined together
42
Occlusal Table
Area where all chewing takes place
43
Mamelons
Three labial lobes that form on newly sprouted adult incisors..... usually wear away with age
44
Perikymata
Wave like ripples that are usually present on the in newly erupted adult teeth..... also wear away
45
Central grooves
are located in the buccolingual center of the tooth and run mediodistally
46
Fossa grooves
named for the surface or line angle they "aim" towards
47
Fossa(e)
shallow bowl like depressions located at the junction of grooves - occlusal surface of posterior - lingual surface of anterior
48
furcal area
space between the furcated roots
49
Cervical line curvature
CEJ on proximal surfaces curves towards incisal or occlusal CEJ on facial/lingual curves towards root apex CEJ curvature diminishes from anterior to posterior
50
Fissure
deepest portion of the groove that is formed when enamel does not fuse together completely -more prone to decay, decay spreads quicker in dentin
51
Root axis line
An imaginary line that splits the root in half either mesiodistally or faciolingually
52
Height of Contour (faciolingually and proximally)
Most prominent areas of the tooth - All teeth have height of contour in the cervical area facially BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB - Height of contours progress cervically as we move distally - Anterior teeth never have cervical HOC on the proximal surface
53
Curve of Spee (Anteroposterior)
Canine to last molar - maxillary curve is convex - mandibular curve is concave
54
Curve of Wilson (Mediolateral)
- Maxillary curve is convex - longer lingual cusp than buccal cusp - Mandibular Curve is concave - longer buccal cusp than lingual cusp
55
Ideal Occlusion
Vertical dimension in Occlusion= 57mm -maximum intercuspation-occlusal surfaces of teeth are maximally in contact Vertical Dimension at rest= 60mm -Interocclusal space- space between occlusal surfaces when at rest
56
Ideal Occlusion Class I (most ideal) (Angle's Classes)
Conditions: 1. mesiobuccal cusp of maxillary first molar fits into mesiobuccal groove of mandibular first molar (maximal intercuspation) 2. Maxillary teeth are facial to mandibular 3. Buccal cusps of mandibular fit into maxillary fosse 4. Lingual cusps of maxillary fit into mandibular fosse 5. Lingual cusps of mandibular are lingual to maxillary

Oral Anatomy (1 decks)

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