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FMS 100 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

cinematic language

A

the accepted systems, methods, or conventions by which the movies communicate with the viewer

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2
Q

movie

A

motion pictures that are made to entertain masses at the multiplex. short for motion picture

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3
Q

film

A

motion picture that is considered by critics and scholars to be more serious or challenging than movies. derives from celluloid strip that are cut and projected

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4
Q

cinema

A

kenesis movement, named after the hall that auguste and luis lumiere showed off their invention

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5
Q

shot

A

on uninterrupted run of the camera. can be as short of long as the director wants, cannot exceed film stock of camera

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6
Q

editing

A

the process by which the editor combines and coordinates individual shots into a cinematic whole. basic creative force of cinem

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7
Q

cut

A

a direct change from one shot to another

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8
Q

close up

A

a shot that often shows a part of the body filling the frame

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9
Q

fade in/fade out

A

transitional devices in which a shot fades in from a black field on black and while firm or from a color field on a color film or fades out to a black field. used to show the passage of time btwn scenes

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10
Q

low angle shot

A

creates and interpretation of movie subjects seen from this angle as, depending on context, either strong, noble, or threatening

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11
Q

cutting on action

A

either technique designed to hide the instantaneous and potentially jarring shift from camera viewpoint to another. helps action flow continuously

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12
Q

cultural invisibility

A

trigger emotional responses in viewers, most occurs at unconscious emotional level, he viewer may be blind to the implied political or cultural messages

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13
Q

implicit meaning

A

lies below the surface of a movies story and presentation. is an inference or connection a viewer makes based on the explicit meaning

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14
Q

explicit meaning

A

found on the surface of the movie. ex: explaining the plot of a movie

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15
Q

viewer expectations

A

effected by previews, anticipation in press, we expect a basic plot line, conflict, protagonist

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16
Q

formal analysis

A

an analytical approach primarily concerned with film form, or the means by which a subject is expressed

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17
Q

theme (motif)

A

a shard, public idea, such as a metaphor, an adage, a myth, or a familiar conflict or interest type

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18
Q

dollies in

A

the act of a camera moving slowly towards the subject, creating visual significance

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19
Q

duration

A

the quantity of time in a movie

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20
Q

point of view

A

the position from which a film presents the actions of the story

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21
Q

alternative forms of analysis

A

forms that search beneath the films meaning to express hidden cultural meanings and reference (comparative cultural analysis)

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22
Q

film form

A

sound, narrative, editing, shots, sequence, scences

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23
Q

form

A

the means by which that subject is expressed and experienced. supplies the methods and techniques necessary to present to the audience

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24
Q

content

A

the subject of an artwork. provides something to express

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25
form and expectations
appeals made by the way the techniques used to create the movie and the arrangement of the movie
26
protagonist
main character
27
eyeliner match cut
based on the belief in mainstream cinema that when a character looks into off-screen space the spectator expects to see what he or she is looking at. a transition between shots in which the first shot shows a person or animal looking at something offscreen and the following shot presumably shows what was being looked at from the approximate angle suggested by the previous shot
28
sequence
a series of shots unified by theme or purpose
29
scenes
complete units of plot action
30
content
the subject of an artwork
31
form
the means by which the subject is expressed and experienced
32
cinematic language
the tools and techniques that filmmakers use to convey meaning and mood to the viewer including lighting, mies-en-scene, cinematography, performance, editing, and sound
33
MacGuffin
an object, document, or secret within a story that is vitally important to the characters, and thus motives of their actions and the conflict, but that turns out to be less significant to the overall narrative than we might at first expect
34
Mise-en-Scene
All the elements placed in front of the camera to be photographed: the setting and props, lighting, costumes and make-up, and figure behavior
35
patterns
found in art forms, help us enjoy, analyze a film more. parallel editing a technique that makes different lines of action appear to be occurring simultaneously
36
Classical Hollywood cinema dates
1924-1947
37
German Expressionism
1919-1933 - First to use mine-en-scene to effect the theme - Objectifies human subjective feelings
38
Additive color system
- Hand coloring - Stenciling - Toning - Tinting
39
Types of Lighting
- Natural - Three point - Silhouette
40
Three parts of three point lighting
- Key - Back light - Fill light
41
High key
Soft lighting; lighting ratio is low
42
Low key
High contrast/hard lighting; lighting ratio is high
43
Editor's responsibility
1. Overall rhythm of film 2. Temporal relationship between shots 3. Spatial relationship between shots
44
Montage
the creation of a sense or meaning not proper to the images themselves but derived exclusively from their juxtaposition
45
Continuity
Smooth perception; spatial and temporal logic
46
Discontinuity
Abrupt transitions between shots; shots, angles etc. don't matter following montage
47
3 major phases
Pre-production Production Post-production
48
Movies transition to sound in... | First film=
1927 | Jazz singer
49
Sound =
(Vocal, environmental, music) + silences
50
Ambience
Natural sound; background
51
Sound effects
usually recorded; wild; separate from picture, added later
52
Environmental sound
Ambience; sound effects; foley
53
Vocal
Dialogue; narration; singing; laughing; talking
54
Music
Add music or if character is playing music
55
Foley
type of sound effect; recorded simultaneous with picture
56
Sound production steps
- Design - Recording - Editing - Mixing
57
Diegetic
Sound that comes from a source within a film; both audience and characters can hear this
58
Non-diegetic
Sound that comes from a source outside of the film; only the audience can hear this
59
On-screen sound
we can see the source of the sound
60
Off screen sound
we can't see source of sound (can be diegetic or non diegetic)
61
Internal sound
inside character's mind
62
External sound
we see the objects making the sound
63
Sound bridge
connects two different shots; gives sense of continuity
64
Narration
the act of telling a story/the way in which we deliver a narrative
65
Narrator
who/what tells the story/delivers the narrative
66
4 types of narration
- First person - Third person - Omniscent - Restricted
67
First-person narration
the character in the film's world gives us the info - voice over - Direct address - Subjective camera - Subjective sound
68
Third person Narration
an outside source (outside of the film's world) gives us info -camera as third person pov
69
Omniscent narration
narrator has unrestricted access to every aspect of narrative
70
Restricted narration
restricted to one character's knowledge
71
Round character
complex; complicated; change during course of film; various/contradictory traits
72
Flat character
Does not change; simple/obvious/uncomplicated;
73
Protagonist
- the main character that pursues the goal(s) | - can have more than 1
74
Antagonist
-person/force/creature that creates obstacles for main character
75
Antihero
main character but goals are much different; don't exactly have pure intentions
76
Conventional narrative structure
1. Set-up (Act 1) * **Catalyst/Inciting Incident*** 2. Development of story/Main conflict (Act 2) * **Climax*** 3. Resolution (Act 3)
77
Plot
- Explicit events presented on the screen | - Includes non diegetic elements (credits; music) ***from the moment the film begins to the moment it ends***
78
Story
- Explicit events presented on screen | - Includes Implied events (back story)
79
Movie time/plot duration
how long the stuff is going on in the world of the characters (ex. 1 week; 1 year; 16 years)
80
Running time/screening duration
how long the actual film is (ex. 90 mins; 2.5 hours)
81
Genre
categorization of narrative films based on their stories and the way the stories are told (content and form)
82
Difference between genre and film movement
- Conscious decision/intention behind film movement - Genre happens organically - Film movement is restricted to time - Genre is in response to social historical needs
83
6 main genres
gangster, science fiction, horror, western, musical, film noir
84
Film noir
- Black/Dark film - 1944-1954 - Similar to German Expressionism * Flashback/voiceover * Low-key; high contrast cinematography * Detective stories/crime based * Urban setting/night scene * Diagonal composition: disorganization and unstable situations * Tight setting: claustrophobic * Antihero: lone wolf * Femme fatale
85
Femme Fatale
a woman who's presence brings death - dangerous woman - puts the man in danger
86
Western
* Setting: wild west/western front (1880s/civil war) * Cowboy: white, civilized, heroic: saves civilization from Indians; Loner and independent in a good way * Conflicts: civilization vs wilderness; East vs West; Good vs Evil * Gund: an icon of our hero's character - A sense of good, reliable masculinity * Lots of homecomings and departures - leave to save town and come home victorious * The big skies and wide-open spaces symbolize both limitless possibility and an untamable environment
87
Fusion of genre
Borrow from multiple genres
88
Deep focus
All of image is in focus
89
Rack focus
foreground or background is in focus and we change from one to the other without cutting
90
Zoom
camera does not move, the lens focuses in
91
Tracking shot
Camera moves; character moves; camera follows character
92
Dolly
Camera moves; character is still/static
93
Chiaroscuro
a bold lighting style with a strong use of contrasts between light and dark, deep gradations and subtle variations
94
Which of the following statements about realistic film is true? Check all that apply A. It takes our known world as its starting point and challenges, expands, or subverts it B. It offers naturalistic performances and believable characters, setting, and plots C. It does not apply to superhero, sci-fi, or horror films D. It confirms to our real-world experiences and expectations
b and d
95
open frame
characters move around and through an open environment, recognizable to the audience
96
Long take
a shot with a duration longer than average
97
graphic match
joining of two images linked by similar shapes occupying the frame
98
overlapping sound/sound bridge
two shots in which the sound of the first carries over into the second
99
Usually how many images per second?
24
100
Cutting on action
a way to make sure that the action flows continuously over the cut between different moving images
101
shot
the product of the uninterrupted run of the camera
102
sequences
a series of shots unified by theme or purpose
103
scenes
complete units of plot action
104
Fundamental principles of film form
movies depend on light; movies provide an illusion of movement; movies manipulate space and time in unique ways
105
who coined realism
Lumieres; is an interest or concern for the actual or real, a tendency to represent things as they really are
106
who coined antirealism
Melies; an interest interest in or concern for the abstract, speculative, or fantastic
107
Verisimilitude
a convincing appearance of truth; can be realistic or antirealistic and still achieve verisimilitude; must convince you that the things on the screen (people, places, what have you no matter how fantastic or antirealistic) are really there
108
Gangster
* Deeply rooted in the concept of the American dream: anyone can succeed * Organized crime * Crime doesn't pay * Rags-to-riches-to-distruction
109
Science Fiction
* Focus on humanity's relationship with science and the technology it generates * Ex. Frankenstein * Setting: the future which is profoundly shaped by advances in technology
110
Horror
* Born out of the cultural need to confront and vicariously conquer something frightening that we do not fully comprehend * Starts with a normal world that will be threatened by the arrival of the other * Protagonist mis the only person who initially recognizes the threat * Often end with an open ending for one last scare / ensure the possibility of a sequel * Protagonist is often a loner; must save the community that rejects him/her * Setting: either normal world (usually a small town threatened by the invasion of the other. Protagonist is protecting his/her beloved home turf) OR remote, rural area that offers potential victims little hope for assistance * Depend on chiaroscuro lighting
111
Musical
*Characters express themselves with song and/or dance
112
Generic Transformation
a particular genre is adapted to meet the expectations of a changing society
113
In every movie _____ is the primary narrator
the camera

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