Chapter 1

Question 1

Accidental

Answer 1

A symbol that raises or lowers a pitch by a half to whole step

Question 2

Augmented

Answer 2

An interval modifier used when a perfect or major interval is made a half step larger without changing its numerical name

Question 3

Bass

Answer 3

Informally the lowest voice in a vocal or instrumental texture

Question 4

Circle of Fifths

Answer 4

A diagram arranged like the face of a clock that aids in the memorization of key signatures. Moving clockwise around the circle, each new key begins on the 5th of the previous key while, moving counterclockwise around the circle, each new key begins on the 4^ of the previous key.

Question 5

Clef

Answer 5

Symbol that appears at the beginning of the staff indicating which pitches are to be associated with which lines and spaces

Question 6

Compound Intervals

Answer 6

Intervals larger than and including the 8ve

Question 7

Consonant

Answer 7

A quality ascribed to an interval that is pleasing to the ear (including major and minor 3rds and 6ths, perfect 4ths [when they do not occur harmonically above bass], perfect 5ths and perfect 8ths) (Triads are also considered this when their bass note forms only this with the upper notes)

Question 8

Diminished

Answer 8

An interval modifier used when a perfect or minor interval is made a half step smaller without changing its numerical name

Question 9

Dissonant

Answer 9

A quality ascribed to an interval that is not pleasing to the ear (including major and minor 2nds and 7ths, perfect 4ths[when they occur above the bass], tritones, and all augmented and diminished intervals),(Triads and other chords are also considered this when at least one of this is formed with their bass note)

Question 10

Double Flat

Answer 10

Lowers a note a whole step

Question 11

Double Sharp

Answer 11

Raise a note a whole step

Question 12

Enharmonic

Answer 12

Notes that have the same pitch but are spelled differently. Keys can be this as well

Question 13

Flat

Answer 13

Lower a note a half step

Question 14

Grand Staff

Answer 14

A combination of two staves joined by a brace, with the top and bottom staves typically using treble and bass clefs respectively

Question 15

Half Step

Answer 15

The distance from a key on a piano to the very next key, white or black. This is typically the smallest interval encountered in tonal music

Question 16

Harmonic Interval

Answer 16

The distance between two pitches that are sounded simultaneously

Question 17

Harmonic Minor Scale

Answer 17

A minor scale type, which can be thought of as a natural minor scale with raised 7^ or as a major scale with lowered 3^ or 6^

Question 18

Interval

Answer 18

The measurement of the distance in pitch between two notes

Question 19

Interval Inversion

Answer 19

A procedure wherein the lower note of an interval is shifted up one or more octaves to a point immediately above the upper note (or vice versa)

Question 20

Key

Answer 20

The scale used in a piece (or some portion of a piece) identified according to its most important pitch—the scales first degree (ex: D major)

Question 21

Key Signature

Answer 21

A pattern of sharps and flats corresponding to a key that appears at the beginning of a staff and indicates that certain notes are to be consistently raised or lowered.

Question 22

Ledger Lines

Answer 22

Used to extend the staff both above and below the standard five-line format

Question 23

Major Scale

Answer 23

A specific pattern of half steps and whole steps encompassing an octave; (wwhwwwh)

Question 24

Melodic Interval

Answer 24

The distance between two pitches that are sounded successively

Question 25

Melodic Minor Scale

Answer 25

A minor scale type with both an ascending and descending form. The ascending form can be thought of as a natural minor scale with raised 6^ and 7^, or as a major scale with lowered 3^. The descending form is the same as the natural minor scale.

Question 26

Minor Pentachord

Answer 26

The minor scale pattern (whww)

Question 27

Natural

Answer 27

Cancel a previous accidental

Question 28

Natural Minor Scale

Answer 28

A specific pattern of half steps and whole steps (whwwhww) encompassing an octave. This is like a major scale with lowered 3, 6^, and 7^.

Question 29

Octave

Answer 29

The interval between any note and the next highest or lowest note of the same letter and accidental. This term is used instead of 8th and can also be written as 8ve.

Question 30

Octave Register

Answer 30

A collection of pitches from one C up to, but not including, the next C (ex C4-B4). Each such register is given a numerical label that can be shown after the letter name.

Question 31

Parallel Keys

Answer 31

Major and minor keys that share the same starting note

Question 32

Perfect

Answer 32

An interval modifier used only in connection with unisons, 4ths, 5ths, 8ves, and their compounds (11ths and so on)

Question 33

Pitch

Answer 33

The highness or lowness of a sound

Question 34

Relative Keys

Answer 34

Major and minor keys that share the same key signature. The relative major of any minor key starts on 3^ of the minor, while the relative minor of any major key begins on 6^ of the major scale.

Question 35

Sharp

Answer 35

Raises a note a half step

Question 36

Simple Intervals

Answer 36

Intervals smaller than an 8ve

Question 37

Staff

Answer 37

An arrangement of five lines and four spaces used to indicate the precise pitch(es) desired; this can be extended through the use of ledger lines

Question 38

Tetrachord

Answer 38

A four-note scalar pattern spanning a perfect 4th

Question 39

Transpose

Answer 39

To write or play music in a key other than the original

Question 40

Tritone

Answer 40

The term used for the interval of the +4 or its enharmonic, the degree 5

Question 41

Unison

Answer 41

The interval formed between pitches with the same note name in the same octave register, this term is used instead of 1st

Question 42

Whole Step

Answer 42

The distance between two pitches that are separated by a single key, white or black. This interval is equivalent to the combined distance of two half steps