Chapter 1 Flashcards
(88 cards)
1
Q
Pitch
A
Highness or lowness of a musical sound
2
Q
Tone
A
A musical sound with a definite pitch
3
Q
Staff
A
Five horizontal lines and four spaces on which music symbols are placed
4
Q
Interval
A
Distance between two tones
5
Q
Octave
A
An interval comprising the first and eighth notes of a major or minor scale
6
Q
Dynamics
A
Loudness or softness of a tone
7
Q
Forte
A
“loud”
8
Q
Fortissimo
A
“very loud”
9
Q
Piano
A
“soft”
10
Q
Pianissimo
A
“very soft”
11
Q
Crescendo
A
A gradual increase in the volume of sound
12
Q
Decrescendo
A
A gradual decrease in the intensity of sound
13
Q
Terraced Dynamics
A
Abrupt changes of dynamic level
14
Q
Rhythm
A
Movement of music in time with recurring beats and accents
15
Q
Beat
A
A recurring rhythmic pulse of music
16
Q
Accent
A
Emphasis or stress placed on a musical beat
17
Q
Meter
A
A term that denotes the organization of rhythm into patterns of strong and weak beats
18
Q
Measure
A
A grouping of beats or pulses into a fixed order
19
Q
Tempo
A
The rate of speed at which a musical piece is performed, or relative pace of the music
20
Q
Accelerando
A
To gradually get faster
21
Q
Rallentando
A
To gradually get slower
22
Q
Melody
A
A succession of notes perceived as a meaningful line
23
Q
Diatonic Scale
A
A scale that consists of five whole steps and two half steps
24
Q
Minor Scale
A
An ascending patter of seven tones
25
Pentatonic Scale
A five-note scale often found in folk music and non-western music
26
Chromatic Scale
A scale that utilizes all twelve pitches
27
Sequence
Melodic phrase repeated at different pitch levels
28
Cadence
The close of musical phrase
29
Tonic
The first and most important note
30
Harmony
Simultaneous combination of notes which form chords
31
Chord
Three or more notes heard simultaneously
32
Triad
A chord consisting of three tones of intervals
33
Dissonance
Two or more notes sounding together to produce "unsettled" sounds
34
Consonance
Interval or chord that has a pleasing, stable sound
35
Monophony
A single unaccompanied melodic line
36
Homophony
A melody is accompanied by chords producing harmony
37
Polyphony
Two or more melodies played simultaneously
38
Heterophony
Two or more voices in which a melody is embellished by one voice and the others perform it simply
39
Timbre
The characteristic quality of a voice or instrument
40
Soprano
Highest female voice
41
Mezzo Soprano
Medium-range female voice
42
Alto
Low female voice, high male voice
43
Tenor
High male voice
44
Baritone
Medium-range male voice
45
Bass
Low male voice
46
Band
A large instrumental ensemble consisting of brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments
47
Conductor
A person who leads performances of music ensembles such as bands, orchestras, or choirs
48
Concertmaster
A member of the orchestra, usually the principal violinist, who is the assistant to the conductor
49
String Family
A family of instruments whose sound is produced by vibration of the strings either by plucking or bowing
50
Violin
Highest range of the bowed string family
51
Viola
Lower range than violin
52
Cello
Lower than viola, higher than double bass
53
Double Bass
Largest member of string family, lowest range
54
Harp
Plucked-string instrument, triangular in shape
55
Pizzicato
Performer plucks the strings, rather than bowing
56
Col Legno
Play with the stick of the bow
57
Tremolo
The moving backwards and forward on a string instrument with the bow
58
Woodwind Family
Instrumental family made wood or metal whose sound is produced by vibrations of air in a tube
59
Flute
A woodwing made of metal, with a high range
60
Piccolo
Smallest woodwind with highest range
61
Oboe
A double-reed woodwind with medium-high range
62
Clarinet
A single-reed woodwind
63
Bassoon
Double-reed woodwind with a low range
64
English Horn
Double-reed woodwind, lower range
65
Saxophone
Single-reed instrument used in jazz
66
Brass Family
Family of instruments made of brass or silver whose sound is produced by buzzing the lips into a mouthpiece
67
Trumpet
Highest-pitched brass instrument that changes pitch by depressing of valves
68
Cornet
Brass instrument like a trumpet, but more mellow
69
French Horn
A brass instrument with medium range
70
Trombone
Brass range of a moderately low range with a movable slide to change pitch
71
Tuba
Largest brass instrument with the lowest range that changes pitch by depressing valves
72
Percussion Family
A family of instruments of either definite or indefinite pitch whose sound is made by striking with hammer/stick
73
Timpani
Percussion instrument shaped like large copper upside-down kettles; pedal mechanism changes pitch
74
Chimes
Percussion instrument of definite pitch, with suspended metal tubes that are struck with a hammer
75
Cymbal
Percussion instruments consisting of two large plates that are struck together
76
Triangle
A percussion instrument of indefinite pitch consisting of metal bent into a triangle shape
77
Tambourine
A percussion instrument of indefinite pitch consisting of a round frame with pairs of small metal plates that jingle
78
Xylophone
A percussion instrument of definite pitch consisting of flat blocks of wood laid on a frame
79
Snare Drum
A percussion instrument of indefinite pitch, small cylinder with skind stretched over the end
80
Bass Drum
A percussion instrument of indefinite pitch played with a large soft mallet
81
Piano
An acoustic, stringed musical instrument
82
Pianoforte
A keyboard instrument invented in 1700's that uses a mechanism in which the strings are struck
83
Harpsichord
Popular Baroque keyboard; strings were plucked by small plectrum or quill
84
Pipe Organ
Large instrument having several keyboards and ranks of tuned pipes of various sizes
85
Opus
"work"
86
Score
Notated parts for all the voices and instruments of a music composition
87
Symphony
A large work for orchestra
88
Symphony Orchestra
A large instrumental ensemble consisting of strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion
