Chapter 1

Question 1

Social constructions

Answer 1

Are perceptions shared by a group. These perceptions become real for the people who share them.

Question 2

Minority group

Answer 2

A group the experiences systematic disadvantage and has a visible identifying trait. The group is self conscious and membership is usually determined at birth. Members tend to form intimate relations within the group.

Question 3

Genocide

Answer 3

Is the deliberate attempt to exterminate an entire group.

Question 4

Dominant group

Answer 4

The group that benefits from minority-group subordination

Question 5

Ethnic minority groups

Answer 5

Are distinguished by cultural traits.

Question 6

Racial minority groups

Answer 6

Distinguished by physical traits.

Question 7

An ascribed status

Answer 7

Is involuntary and acquired at birth

Question 8

Miscegenation

Answer 8

A marriage or sexual relations between members of different racial groups

Question 9

Stratification

Answer 9

The system of unequal distribution of values goods and services in society

Question 10

Social classes

Answer 10

Consist of people who have similar levels of access to values goods and services

Question 11

The means of production

Answer 11

The materials, resources, and social relationships by which society produces and distributes goods and services

Question 12

Karl Marx

Answer 12

Father of modern communism and primary architect of a political, economic, and social philosophy that’s has been around for more than 150 years

Most important source of inequality in society was the system of economic production

Question 13

Marxism

Answer 13

A complex theory of history and social change in which inequality is a central concept and concern

Question 14

Bourgeoisie

Answer 14

The elite or ruling class that owns the means of production in an industrial society

Question 15

Proletariat

Answer 15

The working class in an industrial society

Question 16

Max Weber

Answer 16

Major Marx critic. German sociologist who did most of his work around the turn of the 20th century

Question 17

Max Weber’s three dimensions of stratification

Answer 17

Economic inequality is based on ownership or control of property

Prestige between groups or the amount of honor esteem or respect given to us by others

Power or the ability to influence others impact the decision making process of society and protect ones self interest or to achieve ones goals

Question 18

Prestige

Answer 18

Honor, esteem, respect

Question 19

Power

Answer 19

The ability to affect the decision making prices of a social system

Question 20

Gerhard Lenski

Answer 20

Expands on Weber by analyzing stratification in the context of societal evolution

Question 21

Level of development

Answer 21

The stage of evolution of a society including agrarian industrial and postindustrial

Question 22

Subsistence technology

Answer 22

The system by which a society satisfies basic needs

Question 23

Postindustrial society

Answer 23

a society dominated by service work information processing and high technology

Question 24

Intersectionality

Answer 24

Stresses the crops-cutting linked nature of inequality and the multiplicity of statuses all people occupy

Question 25

Patricia Hill Collins

Answer 25

Multiplicity of systems of inequality and privilege that operates in society