Chapter 1

Question 1

Define Anatomy

Answer 1

Science of the structure of an organism and the relationship of its part

Question 2

Describe the process of sciences

Answer 2

Hypothesis- idea or principle to be tested in experiments

Experiment- series of test of a hypothesis; a controlled experiment eliminates biases or outside influences

Theory- hypothesis that has been supported by experiments and thus shown to have a high degree of confidence

Law- a theory that has an unusually high level of confidence

Question 3

Define microscopic anatomy

Answer 3

Study of body parts with microscope

Question 4

What type of study is cytology

Answer 4

Study of cells

Question 5

Define gross anatomy

Answer 5

Study of the body and its part relying only on the naked eye as tool for observation.

Question 6

What is developmental anatomy

Answer 6

Study of human growth and development

Question 8

What is pathological anatomy

Answer 8

Study of diseased body structures

Question 9

Systemic anatomy

Answer 9

Study of the body system

Question 10

What is physiology

Answer 10

Science of the function of organisms

Question 11

Organism involved

Answer 11

Human or plant physiology

Question 12

Organizational level

Answer 12

Molecular or cellular physiology

Question 13

Systemic function

Answer 13

Respiratory physiology, neurophysiology, or cardiovascular physiology

Question 14

Why type of study is histology

Answer 14

Study of tissues

Question 15

Characteristics of life

Autopoiesis

Answer 15

Living organisms are self organized and self- maintaining

Question 16

Characteristics of life

Cell theory

Answer 16

If it is made of one or more cells, it is alive

Question 17

Characteristics of life

Metabolism

Answer 17

Sum total of all physical and chemical reactions occurring in the living body

Question 18

Levels of organization

Chemical level

Answer 18

Organization

Question 19

Levels of organization

Organelle level

Answer 19

Chemical structure organized to form organelles that perform individual function

Question 20

Levels of organization- cellular

Answer 20

Each cell has a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm within a limiting membrane

Cells different to perform unique functions

Question 21

Levels of organization

Organ

Answer 21

Organs represent discrete and functionally complex operational units

Each organ has a size, shape appearances and placement in the body

Question 22

Levels of organization

System

Answer 22

System levels of all varying numbers and kinds of organs arranged perform complex functions

Question 23

Levels of organization

Organisms

Answer 23

The living human organism is greater than sum it part

All of the compounds interact to allow the human to survive and flourish

Question 24

Anatomical position

Answer 24

Reference position

Body erect with arms at the sides, plans forward

Head and feet pointing forward

Question 25

Superior

Answer 25

Towards the head

Question 26

Inferior

Answer 26

Lower

Question 27

Anterior

Answer 27

Front

Question 28

Posterior

Answer 28

Back

Question 29

Medial

Answer 29

Towards the middle of the body

Question 30

Lateral

Answer 30

Towards the side of the body away from the body midline

Question 31

Anatomy is defined as the study of the________ of living organism.

Answer 31

Structure

Question 32

Physiology is defined as the study of _________of a living organism.

Answer 32

Function

Question 33

The organization of the body begins at what level?

Answer 33

Chemical

Question 34

The body as a whole can be subdivided into two major division.

Answer 34

Axial and appendicular Appendicular - arms and legs

Question 35

Inner region of an organ

Answer 35

Medullary- medulla

Question 36

Outer region or layer of an organ

Answer 36

Cortical- cortex

Question 37

The plane that divides the body into front and back portions is the____ plane.

Answer 37

Coronal

Question 38

The relatively constant state Maintained by the body is known as

Answer 38

Homeostasis

Question 39

Passive transport

Answer 39

in which no cellular energy is required to affect movement through the cell membrane

Question 40

Active transport

Answer 40

Active transport, in which cellular energy is required to provide movement through the cell membrane Active Transport Active transport processes require the expenditure of energy by the cells to move substances from an area of low concentration to one of a high concentration. The energy required is obtained from ATP.

Question 41

Diffusion

Answer 41

diffusion | Passive transport process responsible for the exchange of gases that occurs in the respiratory system.

Question 42

Osmosis

Answer 42

osmosis Passive movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lesser solute concentration to an area of greater concentration due to an imbalance of impermeant solutes across the membrane.

Question 43

Filtration

Answer 43

filtration | Movement of water and solutes through a membrane by a higher hydrostatic pressure on one side.

Question 44

Cells placed in a hypertonic solution will swell and eventually lyse as water flows into them. false or true

Answer 44

F

Question 45

A solution that contains a higher concentration of salt than a living red blood cell would be

Answer 45

Hypertonic

Question 46

Peroxisomes detoxify harmful substances that may enter cells. T or F

Answer 46

T

Question 47

The basic unit of structure and function in the human body is ? CELL OR ATOM

Answer 47

Cell The cell is the smallest “living” unit and the basic functioning unit of the human body

Question 48

Molecules cannot permeate the cracks of these junctions.

Answer 48

Tight junctions occur in the lining of the intestines and other parts of the body where it is important to control what gets through a sheet of cells.