Chapter 1 Flashcards
application software
Programs that allow human users to accomplish specialized tasks. (9)
assembly language
Uses mnemonic symbols to represent instructions and data. Also called second generation programming languages. (19)
auxiliary input/output (I/O)
Devices such as printers and scanners. (6)
auxiliary storage device
Devices for long-term storage of data and programs, such as hard disks, DVDs, or flash memory. (6)
bit
A binary digit. (5)
byte
A sequence, consisting of 8 adjacent bits, used to encode character in memory. (5)
central processing unit (CPU)
A major hardware component that consists of the arithmetic/logic unit and the control unit. (8)
hardware
The actual computing machine and its support devices. (5)
information hiding
The principle of providing access to services but not to data resources. (25)
instance variables
A list of data resources. (24)
internal memory
Used for momentary storage of data and programs. Also called RAM. (6)
machine language
uses only binary digits, 1 and 0, to code programs. Also called first generation programming languages. (19)
network connection
used to connect to the Internet, other computers and the rest of the world. (6)
object-oriented programming (OOP)
A programming process in which a program is subdivided into objects. (23)
primary memory
High-speed memory contained in the computer. Also called random access memory (RAM). (7)
RAM
stands for random access memory; high-speed internal memory; also called primary memory. (7)
secondary memory
Collective term for auxiliary storage devices where operating systems, applications, and documents are stored. Includes both hard disks and portable storage media such as DVDs and flash memory sticks. (7)
software
Programs that give computer hardware system useful functionality. (5)
Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
The process that a program goes through. It consists of the development, maintenance, and demise of a software system. The phases include analysis, design, coding, testing/verification, maintenance, and obsolescence. (20)
system software
The programs that allow users to write and execute other programs. For example, operating systems such as unix, Linux, and MacOs. (9)
ubiquitous computing
The presence of computers, which are often hidden, in many items used in everyday life. (5)
user interface
Supports moment-to-moment communication between a user and the computer. (6)
waterfall model
A version of the software development life cycle (sDLC) consisting of six phases in which the results of each phase flow down to the next. (20)
